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{{Infobox country|name=Kingdom of Eswatini|leader_title1=King|government_type=[[Absolute monarchy]]|leader_name3=[[Cleopas Dlamini]]|leader_name2=[[Ntfombi]]|leader_name1=[[Mswati III]]|leader_title3=Prime Minister|leader_title2=Queen|largest_city=[[Manzini]]|native_name=Umbuso weSwatini|official_languages=English, Siswati|image_coat=Eswatini COA.png|image_flag=Eswatini flag.png|population_estimate_year=2020|population_estimate=1,160,164|area_km2=17,364|capital=[[Mbabane]] (executive)<br>[[Lobamba]] (legislative)}} | {{Infobox country|name=Kingdom of Eswatini|leader_title1=King|government_type=[[Absolute monarchy]]|leader_name3=[[Cleopas Dlamini]]|leader_name2=[[Ntfombi]]|leader_name1=[[Mswati III]]|leader_title3=Prime Minister|leader_title2=Queen|largest_city=[[Manzini]]|native_name=Umbuso weSwatini|image_map=Eswatini map.svg|map_width=260|official_languages=English, Siswati|image_coat=Eswatini COA.png|image_flag=Eswatini flag.png|population_estimate_year=2020|population_estimate=1,160,164|area_km2=17,364|capital=[[Mbabane]] (executive)<br>[[Lobamba]] (legislative)}} | ||
'''Eswatini''', officially the '''Kingdom of Eswatini''', is a small country in [[Southern Africa]]. It is the only absolute monarchy in [[Africa]]. Until 2018, it was known as '''Swaziland'''.<ref>{{News citation|journalist=Moses Tofa|date=2013-05-16|title=Swaziland: Wither absolute monarchism?|newspaper=Pambazuka News|archive-url=https://archive.ph/20141019191941/http://www.pambazuka.net/en/category/features/87402/print|archive-date=2014-10-19|retrieved=2022-03-25}}</ref> The [[Communist Party of Swaziland]] was banned in 2011 but still operates with its headquarters in [[South Africa]].<ref>{{News citation|date=2011-06-24|title=La lutte révolutionnaire continue au Swaziland : le Parti communiste affirme son soutien aux grèves et manifestations qui ébranlent la monarchie absolue Mswati|url=http://solidarite-internationale-pcf.fr/article-la-lutte-revolutionnaire-continue-au-swaziland-le-parti-communiste-affirme-son-soutien-aux-greves-77720866.html|newspaper=Solidarité Internationale PCF|retrieved=2022-03-25}}</ref> | '''Eswatini''', officially the '''Kingdom of Eswatini''', is a small country in [[Southern Africa]]. It is the only absolute monarchy in [[Africa]]. Until 2018, it was known as '''Swaziland'''.<ref>{{News citation|journalist=Moses Tofa|date=2013-05-16|title=Swaziland: Wither absolute monarchism?|newspaper=Pambazuka News|archive-url=https://archive.ph/20141019191941/http://www.pambazuka.net/en/category/features/87402/print|archive-date=2014-10-19|retrieved=2022-03-25}}</ref> The [[Communist Party of Swaziland]] was banned in 2011 but still operates with its headquarters in [[South Africa]].<ref>{{News citation|date=2011-06-24|title=La lutte révolutionnaire continue au Swaziland : le Parti communiste affirme son soutien aux grèves et manifestations qui ébranlent la monarchie absolue Mswati|url=http://solidarite-internationale-pcf.fr/article-la-lutte-revolutionnaire-continue-au-swaziland-le-parti-communiste-affirme-son-soutien-aux-greves-77720866.html|newspaper=Solidarité Internationale PCF|retrieved=2022-03-25}}</ref> Eswatini has a high level of [[poverty]], low life expectancy, and the worst [[HIV/AIDS]] epidemic in the world.<ref>{{Web citation|newspaper=[[In Defense of Communism]]|title=Communist Party of Swaziland's 5th National Congress to be held on April 6-9|date=2023-04-02|url=http://www.idcommunism.com/2023/04/communist-party-of-swazilands-5th-national-congress-to-be-held-on-April-6-9.html|retrieved=2023-04-02}}</ref> | ||
== History == | |||
Eswatini gained independence from the [[United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland|United Kingdom]] in 1968. It had a multi-party system until 1973, when King [[Sobhuza II]] repealed the constitution and established an absolute monarchy. He formed a standing army to defend the royal family. Sobhuza died in 1982 and his son, Mswati III, has ruled since then.<ref name=":0" /> | |||
=== Democracy Now === | |||
In 2019, the Communist Party of Swaziland began the [[Democracy Now!|Democracy Now]] campaign to end the monarchy. Non-communist parties such as the [[Ngwane National Liberatory Congress]] and [[People's United Democratic Movement]] are also involved in the struggle against Mswati.<ref name=":0">{{News citation|author=Pius Vilakati|newspaper=[[Red Africa]]|title=Boiling Point: The Struggle against Capitalism and Monarchy in Swaziland|date=2022-06-21|url=https://redafrica.net/2022/06/21/boiling-point-the-struggle-against-capitalism-and-monarchy-in-swaziland/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220623075903/https://redafrica.net/2022/06/21/boiling-point-the-struggle-against-capitalism-and-monarchy-in-swaziland/|archive-date=2022-06-23|retrieved=2022-07-12}}</ref> Since May 2022, the monarchy's forces have killed over 100 protestors.<ref>{{Web citation|author=[[Eugene Puryear]]|newspaper=[[BreakThrough News]]|title=Are the Days Numbered for Africa's Last Absolute Monarch|date=2021-10-14|url=https://breakthroughnews.org/are-the-days-numbered-for-africa-s-last-absolute-monarch/|retrieved=2022-12-20}}</ref> | |||
== Government == | |||
Eswatini holds elections to parliament every five years but political parties are not allowed to participate and the king can dissolve the parliament whenever he wants to.<ref name=":0" /> | |||
== References == | == References == | ||
<references /> | |||
[[Category:Countries]] | |||
[[Category:African countries]] | |||
[[Category:Global south]] | |||
Latest revision as of 18:57, 2 April 2023
| Kingdom of Eswatini Umbuso weSwatini | |
|---|---|
 Flag
 Coat of arms
| |
 | |
| Capital | Mbabane (executive) Lobamba (legislative) |
| Largest city | Manzini |
| Official languages | English, Siswati |
| Government | Absolute monarchy |
• King | Mswati III |
• Queen | Ntfombi |
• Prime Minister | Cleopas Dlamini |
| Area | |
• Total | 17,364 km² |
| Population | |
• 2020 estimate | 1,160,164 |
Eswatini, officially the Kingdom of Eswatini, is a small country in Southern Africa. It is the only absolute monarchy in Africa. Until 2018, it was known as Swaziland.[1] The Communist Party of Swaziland was banned in 2011 but still operates with its headquarters in South Africa.[2] Eswatini has a high level of poverty, low life expectancy, and the worst HIV/AIDS epidemic in the world.[3]
History[edit | edit source]
Eswatini gained independence from the United Kingdom in 1968. It had a multi-party system until 1973, when King Sobhuza II repealed the constitution and established an absolute monarchy. He formed a standing army to defend the royal family. Sobhuza died in 1982 and his son, Mswati III, has ruled since then.[4]
Democracy Now[edit | edit source]
In 2019, the Communist Party of Swaziland began the Democracy Now campaign to end the monarchy. Non-communist parties such as the Ngwane National Liberatory Congress and People's United Democratic Movement are also involved in the struggle against Mswati.[4] Since May 2022, the monarchy's forces have killed over 100 protestors.[5]
Government[edit | edit source]
Eswatini holds elections to parliament every five years but political parties are not allowed to participate and the king can dissolve the parliament whenever he wants to.[4]
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ Moses Tofa (2013-05-16). Swaziland: Wither absolute monarchism? Pambazuka News. Archived from the original on 2014-10-19. Retrieved 2022-03-25.
- ↑ "La lutte révolutionnaire continue au Swaziland : le Parti communiste affirme son soutien aux grèves et manifestations qui ébranlent la monarchie absolue Mswati" (2011-06-24). Solidarité Internationale PCF. Retrieved 2022-03-25.
- ↑ "Communist Party of Swaziland's 5th National Congress to be held on April 6-9" (2023-04-02). In Defense of Communism. Retrieved 2023-04-02.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Pius Vilakati (2022-06-21). "Boiling Point: The Struggle against Capitalism and Monarchy in Swaziland" Red Africa. Archived from the original on 2022-06-23. Retrieved 2022-07-12.
- ↑ Eugene Puryear (2021-10-14). "Are the Days Numbered for Africa's Last Absolute Monarch" BreakThrough News. Retrieved 2022-12-20.