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{{Infobox politician|image_size=200|birth_date=Prague, [[Austrian Empire]]|birth_place=16 October 1854|death_date=17 October 1938|death_place=Amsterdam, [[Netherlands]]|political_party=[[Second International]]|image=Kautsky.png}} | {{Infobox politician|image_size=200|birth_date=[[Prague]], [[Austrian Empire (1804–1867)|Austrian Empire]]|birth_place=16 October 1854|death_date=17 October 1938 (aged 84)|death_place=[[Amsterdam]], [[Kingdom of the Netherlands|Netherlands]]|political_orientation=[[Reformism]]|political_party=[[Second International]]|image=Kautsky.png}} | ||
'''Karl Johann Kautsky''' (16 October 1854 – 17 October 1938) was a Czech-Austrian socialist and political theorist. Although he identified as a [[Marxism|Marxist]], rejected the [[dictatorship of the proletariat]] in favor of [[reformism]].<ref>{{Citation|author=[[Vladimir Lenin]]|year=1918|title=The Proletarian Revolution and the Renegade Kautsky|chapter=How Kautsky Turned Marx Into a Common Liberal|chapter-url=https://www.marxists.org/archive/lenin/works/1918/prrk/common_liberal.htm|city=Moscow|publisher=Kommunist Publishers|mia=https://www.marxists.org/archive/lenin/works/1918/prrk/index.htm|trans-title=Пролетарская революция и ренегат Каутский|trans-lang=Russian}}</ref> Unlike the [[Communist Party of the Soviet Union|Bolsheviks]], | '''Karl Johann Kautsky''' (16 October 1854 – 17 October 1938) was a Czech-Austrian socialist and the main political theorist of the [[Second International]].<ref name=":1">{{Citation|author=[[Vladimir Lenin]]|year=1916|title=Imperialism, the Highest Stage of Capitalism|chapter=Imperialism as a Special Stage of Capitalism|chapter-url=https://www.marxists.org/archive/lenin/works/1916/imp-hsc/ch07.htm|city=[[Moscow]]|publisher=Progress Publishers|mia=https://www.marxists.org/archive/lenin/works/1916/imp-hsc/index.htm}}</ref> Although he identified as a [[Marxism|Marxist]], he rejected the [[dictatorship of the proletariat]] in favor of [[reformism]].<ref>{{Citation|author=[[Vladimir Lenin]]|year=1918|title=The Proletarian Revolution and the Renegade Kautsky|chapter=How Kautsky Turned Marx Into a Common Liberal|chapter-url=https://www.marxists.org/archive/lenin/works/1918/prrk/common_liberal.htm|city=Moscow|publisher=Kommunist Publishers|mia=https://www.marxists.org/archive/lenin/works/1918/prrk/index.htm|trans-title=Пролетарская революция и ренегат Каутский|trans-lang=Russian}}</ref> In 1930, he labelled the [[Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (1922–1991)|Soviet Union]] a [[Fascism|fascist]] state and called for the overthrow of its government by the [[peasantry]].<ref name=":052">{{Citation|author=Ludo Martens|year=1996|title=Another View of Stalin|chapter=Collectivization|isbn=9782872620814|publisher=Editions EPO|pdf=https://gateway.ipfs.io/ipfs/bafykbzaceab64vxtxpqt2cdl4zsrsftmedqidn4foq74gr25qkd35z5nwogdi?filename=Ludo%20Martens%20-%20Another%20View%20of%20Stalin-Editions%20EPO%20%281996%29.pdf|page=68}}</ref> | ||
== Views on imperialism == | |||
Unlike the [[Communist Party of the Soviet Union|Bolsheviks]], Kautsky advocated for defending the [[Russian Empire (1721–1917)|Russian Empire]] during the [[First World War]].<ref>{{Citation|author=[[Vladimir Lenin]]|year=1918|title=The Proletarian Revolution and the Renegade Kautsky|chapter=What Is Internationalism?|chapter-url=https://www.marxists.org/archive/lenin/works/1918/prrk/internationalism.htm|city=Moscow|publisher=Kommunist Publishers|mia=https://www.marxists.org/archive/lenin/works/1918/prrk/index.htm|trans-title=Пролетарская революция и ренегат Каутский|trans-lang=Russian}}</ref> During the war, he also proposed the concept of [[super-imperialism]], a globally organized stage of [[capitalism]] which would lack [[war]] and peacefully grow into [[socialism]].'''<ref name=":0">{{Citation|year=1954|title=Political Economy|chapter=Economic Doctrines of the Capitalist Epoch|chapter-url=https://www.marxists.org/subject/economy/authors/pe/pe-ch22.htm|section=The Economic Theories of the Opportunists of the Second International and the Right-wing Socialists of Today|mia=https://www.marxists.org/subject/economy/authors/pe/index.htm}}</ref>''' He believed [[imperialism]] was a policy and not a stage of [[capitalism]].<ref name=":1" /> | |||
== References == | == References == | ||
Latest revision as of 22:41, 19 February 2024
Karl Kautsky | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Born | Prague, Austrian Empire 16 October 1854 |
| Died | 17 October 1938 (aged 84) Amsterdam, Netherlands |
| Political orientation | Reformism |
| Political party | Second International |
Karl Johann Kautsky (16 October 1854 – 17 October 1938) was a Czech-Austrian socialist and the main political theorist of the Second International.[1] Although he identified as a Marxist, he rejected the dictatorship of the proletariat in favor of reformism.[2] In 1930, he labelled the Soviet Union a fascist state and called for the overthrow of its government by the peasantry.[3]
Views on imperialism[edit | edit source]
Unlike the Bolsheviks, Kautsky advocated for defending the Russian Empire during the First World War.[4] During the war, he also proposed the concept of super-imperialism, a globally organized stage of capitalism which would lack war and peacefully grow into socialism.[5] He believed imperialism was a policy and not a stage of capitalism.[1]
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Vladimir Lenin (1916). Imperialism, the Highest Stage of Capitalism: 'Imperialism as a Special Stage of Capitalism'. Moscow: Progress Publishers. [MIA]
- ↑ Vladimir Lenin (1918). The Proletarian Revolution and the Renegade Kautsky: 'How Kautsky Turned Marx Into a Common Liberal' (Russian: Пролетарская революция и ренегат Каутский). Moscow: Kommunist Publishers. [MIA]
- ↑ Ludo Martens (1996). Another View of Stalin: 'Collectivization' (p. 68). [PDF] Editions EPO. ISBN 9782872620814
- ↑ Vladimir Lenin (1918). The Proletarian Revolution and the Renegade Kautsky: 'What Is Internationalism?' (Russian: Пролетарская революция и ренегат Каутский). Moscow: Kommunist Publishers. [MIA]
- ↑ Political Economy: 'Economic Doctrines of the Capitalist Epoch; The Economic Theories of the Opportunists of the Second International and the Right-wing Socialists of Today' (1954). [MIA]