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[[File:Alexander Kolchak.png|thumb|253x253px|[[Alexander Kolchak]], leader of the counterrevolutionary [[White Army]] during the [[Russian Civil War]]]] | [[File:Alexander Kolchak.png|thumb|253x253px|[[Alexander Kolchak]], leader of the counterrevolutionary [[White Army]] during the [[Russian Civil War]]]] | ||
A '''counterrevolution''' is an opposing [[revolution]] that attempts to reverse a revolution. A person or group who opposes a revolution is declared '''counter-revolutionary'''. In [[Marxism|Marxist]] theory, counterrevolutions are a [[reactionary]] force usually composed of [[bourgeois]] forces. In the past, [[Feudalism| | A '''counterrevolution''' is an opposing [[revolution]] that attempts to reverse a revolution. A person or group who opposes a revolution is declared '''counter-revolutionary'''. In [[Marxism|Marxist]] theory, counterrevolutions are a [[reactionary]] force usually composed of [[bourgeois]] forces. | ||
In the past, [[Feudalism|royalists]] have attempted counterrevolutions against [[Bourgeois revolution|bourgeois revolutions]] like the [[French Revolution]]. In recent times, the [[West]] has supported and instigated "[[Color revolution|color revolutions]]" in socialist states to expand their own interests. | |||
== List of counterrevolutions == | == List of counterrevolutions == | ||
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=== Feudal === | === Feudal === | ||
* [[English Civil War|Stuart Restoration]] (1660) | * [[English Civil War|Stuart Restoration]] (United Kingdom, 1660) | ||
* [[Kingdom of France (1815–1848)|Bourbon Restoration]] (1814–1815) | * [[Kingdom of France (1815–1848)|Bourbon Restoration]] (France, 1814–1815) | ||
=== Bourgeois === | === Bourgeois === | ||
* [[White Terror (Finland)|Finnish White Terror]] (1918) | * [[White Terror (Finland)|Finnish White Terror]] (Finland, 1918) | ||
* [[White Terror (Hungary)|Hungarian White Terror]] (1919–1921) | * [[White Terror (Hungary)|Hungarian White Terror]] (Hungary, 1919–1921) | ||
* [[1989 Tian'anmen Square riots|Tian'anmen Square riots]] (1989; failed) | * [[Hungarian counterrevolution of 1956]] (Hungary, 1956; failed) | ||
* [[Overthrow of the Soviet Union]] (1991) | * [[Prague Spring]] (Czechoslovakia, 1968; failed) | ||
* [[1989 Tian'anmen Square riots|Tian'anmen Square riots]] (China, 1989; failed) | |||
* [[Counterrevolutions of 1989]] (Eastern Europe, 1989) | |||
* [[Annexation of East Germany]] (Germany, 1990) | |||
* [[Overthrow of the Soviet Union]] (Soviet Union, 1991) | |||
==See also== | ==See also== | ||
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* [[Colour revolution|Color revolution]] | * [[Colour revolution|Color revolution]] | ||
* [[Mensheviks]] | * [[Mensheviks]] | ||
[[Category:Counterrevolution]] | [[Category:Counterrevolution]] | ||
Revision as of 12:02, 2 July 2024
A counterrevolution is an opposing revolution that attempts to reverse a revolution. A person or group who opposes a revolution is declared counter-revolutionary. In Marxist theory, counterrevolutions are a reactionary force usually composed of bourgeois forces.
In the past, royalists have attempted counterrevolutions against bourgeois revolutions like the French Revolution. In recent times, the West has supported and instigated "color revolutions" in socialist states to expand their own interests.
List of counterrevolutions
Feudal
- Stuart Restoration (United Kingdom, 1660)
- Bourbon Restoration (France, 1814–1815)
Bourgeois
- Finnish White Terror (Finland, 1918)
- Hungarian White Terror (Hungary, 1919–1921)
- Hungarian counterrevolution of 1956 (Hungary, 1956; failed)
- Prague Spring (Czechoslovakia, 1968; failed)
- Tian'anmen Square riots (China, 1989; failed)
- Counterrevolutions of 1989 (Eastern Europe, 1989)
- Annexation of East Germany (Germany, 1990)
- Overthrow of the Soviet Union (Soviet Union, 1991)