1989 Tian'anmen Square riots: Difference between revisions
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== Protests in Tian'anmen Square == | == Protests in Tian'anmen Square == | ||
Protests began in [[Tian'anmen Square]] on 1989 April 15 after the death of [[General Secretary of the Communist Party of China|General Secretary]] [[Hu Yaobang]]. On May 20, martial law was declared but the protests were allowed to continue. Around 5:00 am on June 4, the 3,000 remaining protestors peacefully left the square.<ref name=":1">{{News citation|author=Kim Petersen|newspaper=Dissident Voice|title=Massacre? What massacre?|date=2014-06-09|url=https://dissidentvoice.org/2014/06/massacre-what-massacre/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220212172016/https://dissidentvoice.org/2014/06/massacre-what-massacre/|archive-date=2022-02-12|retrieved=2022-06-05}}</ref><ref>{{News citation|author=Jay Matthews|newspaper=Columbia Journalism Review|title=The Myth of Tiananmen|date=2010-06-04|url=https://archives.cjr.org/behind_the_news/the_myth_of_tiananmen.php|retrieved=2022-04-16}}</ref><ref>{{News citation|author=Malcolm Moore|newspaper=The Telegraph|title=Wikileaks: no bloodshed inside Tiananmen Square, cables claim|date=2011-06-04|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/wikileaks/8555142/Wikileaks-no-bloodshed-inside-Tiananmen-Square-cables-claim.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220310001702/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/wikileaks/8555142/Wikileaks-no-bloodshed-inside-Tiananmen-Square-cables-claim.html|archive-date=2022-03-10|retrieved=2022-04-16}}</ref> No one died in the square during or after the protests.<ref>{{News citation|author=Nicholas D. Kristof|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|title=Turmoil in China; Tiananmen Crackdown: Student's Account Questioned on Major Points|date=1989-06-13|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1989/06/13/world/turmoil-china-tiananmen-crackdown-student-s-account-questioned-major-points.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220227041851/https://www.nytimes.com/1989/06/13/world/turmoil-china-tiananmen-crackdown-student-s-account-questioned-major-points.html|archive-date=2022-02-27|retrieved=2022-04-16}}</ref><ref>{{News citation|author=James Miles|newspaper=BBC|title=Tiananmen killings: Were the media right?|date=2009-06-02|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/8057762.stm|quote=}}</ref><ref>{{News citation|author=John Simpson|newspaper=BBC|title=John Simpson: Remembering Tiananmen|date=2009-06-03|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/8069781.stm}}</ref><ref>{{News citation|author=Malcolm Moore|newspaper=The Daily Telegraph|title=Wikileaks: no bloodshed inside Tiananmen Square, cables claim|date=2011-06-04|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/wikileaks/8555142/Wikileaks-no-bloodshed-inside-Tiananmen-Square-cables-claim.html}}</ref><ref>{{News citation|author=Richard Roth|newspaper=CBS News|title=There Was No "Tiananmen Square Massacre"|date=2009-06-04|url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/there-was-no-tiananmen-square-massacre/|quote=}}</ref> This makes it inaccurate to refer to this event as a massacre. | Protests began in [[Tian'anmen Square]] on 1989 April 15 after the death of [[General Secretary of the Communist Party of China|General Secretary]] [[Hu Yaobang]]. Premier [[Li Peng]] met with protestors in a meeting that was broadcast on national television.<ref name=":5">{{News citation|author=[[Brian Becker]]|newspaper=[[Liberation School]]|title=Tiananmen: The Massacre that Wasn’t|date=2014-06-13|url=https://www.liberationschool.org/tiananmen-the-massacre-that-wasnt/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220102183128/https://www.liberationschool.org/tiananmen-the-massacre-that-wasnt/|archive-date=2022-01-02|retrieved=2022-06-20}}</ref> On May 20, martial law was declared but the protests were allowed to continue. Around 5:00 am on June 4, the 3,000 remaining protestors peacefully left the square.<ref name=":1">{{News citation|author=Kim Petersen|newspaper=Dissident Voice|title=Massacre? What massacre?|date=2014-06-09|url=https://dissidentvoice.org/2014/06/massacre-what-massacre/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220212172016/https://dissidentvoice.org/2014/06/massacre-what-massacre/|archive-date=2022-02-12|retrieved=2022-06-05}}</ref><ref>{{News citation|author=Jay Matthews|newspaper=Columbia Journalism Review|title=The Myth of Tiananmen|date=2010-06-04|url=https://archives.cjr.org/behind_the_news/the_myth_of_tiananmen.php|retrieved=2022-04-16}}</ref><ref>{{News citation|author=Malcolm Moore|newspaper=The Telegraph|title=Wikileaks: no bloodshed inside Tiananmen Square, cables claim|date=2011-06-04|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/wikileaks/8555142/Wikileaks-no-bloodshed-inside-Tiananmen-Square-cables-claim.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220310001702/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/wikileaks/8555142/Wikileaks-no-bloodshed-inside-Tiananmen-Square-cables-claim.html|archive-date=2022-03-10|retrieved=2022-04-16}}</ref> No one died in the square during or after the protests.<ref>{{News citation|author=Nicholas D. Kristof|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|title=Turmoil in China; Tiananmen Crackdown: Student's Account Questioned on Major Points|date=1989-06-13|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1989/06/13/world/turmoil-china-tiananmen-crackdown-student-s-account-questioned-major-points.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220227041851/https://www.nytimes.com/1989/06/13/world/turmoil-china-tiananmen-crackdown-student-s-account-questioned-major-points.html|archive-date=2022-02-27|retrieved=2022-04-16}}</ref><ref>{{News citation|author=James Miles|newspaper=BBC|title=Tiananmen killings: Were the media right?|date=2009-06-02|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/8057762.stm|quote=}}</ref><ref>{{News citation|author=John Simpson|newspaper=BBC|title=John Simpson: Remembering Tiananmen|date=2009-06-03|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/8069781.stm}}</ref><ref>{{News citation|author=Malcolm Moore|newspaper=The Daily Telegraph|title=Wikileaks: no bloodshed inside Tiananmen Square, cables claim|date=2011-06-04|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/wikileaks/8555142/Wikileaks-no-bloodshed-inside-Tiananmen-Square-cables-claim.html}}</ref><ref>{{News citation|author=Richard Roth|newspaper=CBS News|title=There Was No "Tiananmen Square Massacre"|date=2009-06-04|url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/there-was-no-tiananmen-square-massacre/|quote=}}</ref> This makes it inaccurate to refer to this event as a massacre. | ||
=== Student leaders === | === Student leaders === | ||
[[Liu Xiaobo]], one of the student leaders of the protests, said he wanted China to be colonized by the West for at least 300 years.<ref>{{News citation|author=Barry Sautman, Yan Hairong|newspaper=[[The Guardian]]|title=Do supporters of Nobel winner Liu Xiaobo really know what he stands for?|date=2010-12-15|url=https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2010/dec/15/nobel-winner-liu-xiaobo-chinese-dissident|retrieved=2022-04-16}}</ref> [[Chai Ling]], another student leader, admitted that she wanted the protestors to be killed by the government<ref>{{Citation|author=Chai Ling|year=1989|title=Interview at Tiananmen Square with Chai Ling|title-url=http://afe.easia.columbia.edu/special/china_1950_chailing.htm}}</ref> and said that the Chinese people were "not worth [her] struggle."<ref name=":0" /> [[Örkesh Dölet|Wu'er Kaixi]] said that they were protesting to be able to wear [[Nike]] shoes.<ref name=":1" /> | [[Liu Xiaobo]], one of the student leaders of the protests, said he wanted China to be colonized by the West for at least 300 years.<ref>{{News citation|author=Barry Sautman, Yan Hairong|newspaper=[[The Guardian]]|title=Do supporters of Nobel winner Liu Xiaobo really know what he stands for?|date=2010-12-15|url=https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2010/dec/15/nobel-winner-liu-xiaobo-chinese-dissident|retrieved=2022-04-16}}</ref> [[Chai Ling]], another student leader, admitted that she wanted the protestors to be killed by the government<ref>{{Citation|author=Chai Ling|year=1989|title=Interview at Tiananmen Square with Chai Ling|title-url=http://afe.easia.columbia.edu/special/china_1950_chailing.htm}}</ref> and said that the Chinese people were "not worth [her] struggle."<ref name=":0" /> [[Wang Dan]] said that their movement was motivated by a pursuit for wealth.<ref name=":5" /> [[Örkesh Dölet|Wu'er Kaixi]] said that they were protesting to be able to wear [[Nike]] shoes.<ref name=":1" /> | ||
=== Western support === | === Western support === | ||
1986, [[George Soros]] donated $1 million to a pro-Western fund that went on to train many student leaders in the protests. In 1988, the [[National Endowment for Democracy]] opened offices in China.<ref name=":4" /> Western corporations, including [[AT&T]], spent millions of dollars providing long-distance calls and fax machines to the protestors.<ref name=":1" /> The CIA gave the protestors typewriters and other equipment to spread [[Capitalism|capitalist]] ideas<ref name=":3" /> and the [[Statesian]] ambassador to China at the time was a former CIA agent.<ref name=":4" /> | 1986, [[George Soros]] donated $1 million to a pro-Western fund that went on to train many student leaders in the protests. In 1988, the [[National Endowment for Democracy]] opened offices in China.<ref name=":4" /> Western corporations, including [[AT&T]], spent millions of dollars providing long-distance calls and fax machines to the protestors.<ref name=":1" /> The CIA gave the protestors typewriters and other equipment to spread [[Capitalism|capitalist]] ideas<ref name=":3" /> and the [[Statesian]] ambassador to China at the time was a former CIA agent.<ref name=":4" /> During the protests, [[Voice of America]] increased its Chinese language broadcasts to 11 hours a day. VOA falsely claimed that Li Peng had been shot and [[Deng Xiaoping]] was almost dead.<ref name=":5" /> | ||
== Riots == | == Riots == | ||
As the protests were winding down, the Chinese government sent troops the clear the square of remaining students. The troops were initially unarmed, but were given weapons on June 3 after the students took some soldiers hostage.<ref>{{News citation|author=Andy McInerney|newspaper=[[Workers World]]|title=China's Tienanmen Square|date=1996-06-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/19981206141125/http://www.workers.org/ww/tienanmen.html|archive-date=1998-12-06|retrieved=2022-06-05}}</ref> They were blocked from entering the square by crowds armed with petrol bombs,<ref name=":2">{{News citation|author=Gregory Clark|newspaper=International Business Times|title=Tiananmen Square Massacre is a Myth, All We're 'Remembering' are British Lies|date=2014-06-04|url=https://www.ibtimes.co.uk/tiananmen-square-massacre-myth-all-were-remembering-are-british-lies-1451053|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211110151828/https://www.ibtimes.co.uk/tiananmen-square-massacre-myth-all-were-remembering-are-british-lies-1451053|archive-date=2021-11-10|retrieved=2022-06-05}}</ref> iron clubs, and Molotov cocktails.<ref name=":1" /> The rioters destroyed over 400 vehicles | As the protests were winding down, the Chinese government sent troops the clear the square of remaining students. On June 2, rioters burned and lynched unarmed soldiers trying to enter the square.<ref name=":5" /> The troops were initially unarmed, but were given weapons on June 3 after the students took some soldiers hostage.<ref>{{News citation|author=Andy McInerney|newspaper=[[Workers World]]|title=China's Tienanmen Square|date=1996-06-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/19981206141125/http://www.workers.org/ww/tienanmen.html|archive-date=1998-12-06|retrieved=2022-06-05}}</ref> They were blocked from entering the square by crowds armed with petrol bombs,<ref name=":2">{{News citation|author=Gregory Clark|newspaper=International Business Times|title=Tiananmen Square Massacre is a Myth, All We're 'Remembering' are British Lies|date=2014-06-04|url=https://www.ibtimes.co.uk/tiananmen-square-massacre-myth-all-were-remembering-are-british-lies-1451053|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211110151828/https://www.ibtimes.co.uk/tiananmen-square-massacre-myth-all-were-remembering-are-british-lies-1451053|archive-date=2021-11-10|retrieved=2022-06-05}}</ref> iron clubs, and Molotov cocktails.<ref name=":1" /> The rioters destroyed over 400 vehicle<ref name=":2" /> and destroyed a convoy of over 100 vehicles in western Beijing.<ref name=":5" /> | ||
== Death toll == | == Death toll == | ||
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== In Western media == | == In Western media == | ||
In Western media, the incident is usually called the 1989 Tiananmen Square Massacre. The [[bourgeois media]] claims that the [[People's Liberation Army]] massacred thousands of peaceful protestors on June 4.<ref name=":0" /> [[British Broadcasting Corporation|BBC]], a [[United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland|British]] propaganda outlet, claims that over 10,000 people were killed in the square.<ref>{{News citation|newspaper=BBC|title=Tiananmen Square protest death toll 'was 10,000'|date=2017-12-23|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-china-42465516|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220512100422/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-china-42465516|archive-date=2022-05-12|retrieved=2022-06-05}}</ref> | In Western media, the incident is usually called the "1989 Tiananmen Square Massacre." The [[bourgeois media]] claims that the [[People's Liberation Army]] massacred thousands of peaceful protestors on June 4.<ref name=":0" /> [[British Broadcasting Corporation|BBC]], a [[United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland|British]] propaganda outlet, claims that over 10,000 people were killed in the square.<ref>{{News citation|newspaper=BBC|title=Tiananmen Square protest death toll 'was 10,000'|date=2017-12-23|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-china-42465516|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220512100422/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-china-42465516|archive-date=2022-05-12|retrieved=2022-06-05}}</ref> | ||
== References == | == References == | ||
[[Category:CIA-backed protests]] | [[Category:CIA-backed protests]] | ||
[[Category:Attempted Colour Revolutions]] | [[Category:Attempted Colour Revolutions]] | ||
Revision as of 17:52, 20 June 2022
The 1989 Tian'anmen Square riots (天安门事件) were a CIA-backed[1][2] attempted counterrevolution against the People's Republic of China in 1989. After the riots ended, its leaders were extracted by the CIA as part of Operation Yellowbird.[3]
Protests in Tian'anmen Square
Protests began in Tian'anmen Square on 1989 April 15 after the death of General Secretary Hu Yaobang. Premier Li Peng met with protestors in a meeting that was broadcast on national television.[4] On May 20, martial law was declared but the protests were allowed to continue. Around 5:00 am on June 4, the 3,000 remaining protestors peacefully left the square.[5][6][7] No one died in the square during or after the protests.[8][9][10][11][12] This makes it inaccurate to refer to this event as a massacre.
Student leaders
Liu Xiaobo, one of the student leaders of the protests, said he wanted China to be colonized by the West for at least 300 years.[13] Chai Ling, another student leader, admitted that she wanted the protestors to be killed by the government[14] and said that the Chinese people were "not worth [her] struggle."[2] Wang Dan said that their movement was motivated by a pursuit for wealth.[4] Wu'er Kaixi said that they were protesting to be able to wear Nike shoes.[5]
Western support
1986, George Soros donated $1 million to a pro-Western fund that went on to train many student leaders in the protests. In 1988, the National Endowment for Democracy opened offices in China.[3] Western corporations, including AT&T, spent millions of dollars providing long-distance calls and fax machines to the protestors.[5] The CIA gave the protestors typewriters and other equipment to spread capitalist ideas[1] and the Statesian ambassador to China at the time was a former CIA agent.[3] During the protests, Voice of America increased its Chinese language broadcasts to 11 hours a day. VOA falsely claimed that Li Peng had been shot and Deng Xiaoping was almost dead.[4]
Riots
As the protests were winding down, the Chinese government sent troops the clear the square of remaining students. On June 2, rioters burned and lynched unarmed soldiers trying to enter the square.[4] The troops were initially unarmed, but were given weapons on June 3 after the students took some soldiers hostage.[15] They were blocked from entering the square by crowds armed with petrol bombs,[16] iron clubs, and Molotov cocktails.[5] The rioters destroyed over 400 vehicle[16] and destroyed a convoy of over 100 vehicles in western Beijing.[4]
Death toll
The riots in Beijing resulted in approximately 300 total deaths,[5] including 36 students, 10 PLA soldiers, and 13 police officers.[17] All of the deaths occurred outside of the square itself.
In Western media
In Western media, the incident is usually called the "1989 Tiananmen Square Massacre." The bourgeois media claims that the People's Liberation Army massacred thousands of peaceful protestors on June 4.[2] BBC, a British propaganda outlet, claims that over 10,000 people were killed in the square.[18]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 "CIA man misread reaction, sources say" (1992-09-27). Vancouver Sun.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Tom (2021-06-04). "The Tian'anmen Square 'Massacre': The West's Most Persuasive, Most Pervasive Lie" Mango Press. Retrieved 2022-04-21.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Milton James (2020-07-08). "1989 Tiananmen Square "Student Massacre" was a hoax" Critical Social Work Publishing House. Archived from the original on 2022-03-21. Retrieved 2022-06-05.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 Brian Becker (2014-06-13). "Tiananmen: The Massacre that Wasn’t" Liberation School. Archived from the original on 2022-01-02. Retrieved 2022-06-20.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 Kim Petersen (2014-06-09). "Massacre? What massacre?" Dissident Voice. Archived from the original on 2022-02-12. Retrieved 2022-06-05.
- ↑ Jay Matthews (2010-06-04). "The Myth of Tiananmen" Columbia Journalism Review. Retrieved 2022-04-16.
- ↑ Malcolm Moore (2011-06-04). "Wikileaks: no bloodshed inside Tiananmen Square, cables claim" The Telegraph. Archived from the original on 2022-03-10. Retrieved 2022-04-16.
- ↑ Nicholas D. Kristof (1989-06-13). "Turmoil in China; Tiananmen Crackdown: Student's Account Questioned on Major Points" The New York Times. Archived from the original on 2022-02-27. Retrieved 2022-04-16.
- ↑ James Miles (2009-06-02). "Tiananmen killings: Were the media right?" BBC.
- ↑ John Simpson (2009-06-03). "John Simpson: Remembering Tiananmen" BBC.
- ↑ Malcolm Moore (2011-06-04). "Wikileaks: no bloodshed inside Tiananmen Square, cables claim" The Daily Telegraph.
- ↑ Richard Roth (2009-06-04). "There Was No "Tiananmen Square Massacre"" CBS News.
- ↑ Barry Sautman, Yan Hairong (2010-12-15). "Do supporters of Nobel winner Liu Xiaobo really know what he stands for?" The Guardian. Retrieved 2022-04-16.
- ↑ Chai Ling (1989). Interview at Tiananmen Square with Chai Ling.
- ↑ Andy McInerney (1996-06-20). China's Tienanmen Square Workers World. Archived from the original on 1998-12-06. Retrieved 2022-06-05.
- ↑ 16.0 16.1 Gregory Clark (2014-06-04). "Tiananmen Square Massacre is a Myth, All We're 'Remembering' are British Lies" International Business Times. Archived from the original on 2021-11-10. Retrieved 2022-06-05.
- ↑ "The Memory of Tiananmen". PBS. Retrieved 2022-04-16.
- ↑ "Tiananmen Square protest death toll 'was 10,000'" (2017-12-23). BBC. Archived from the original on 2022-05-12. Retrieved 2022-06-05.