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== History == | == History == | ||
=== | === Russian Empire === | ||
Finland was part of [[Sweden]] for 600 years until being ceded to the [[Russian Empire (1721–1917)|Russian Empire]] in 1808 as a [[Grand Duchy of Finland (1809–1917)|Grand Duchy]].<ref name=":0">{{News citation|author=Victor Vaughn|newspaper=The Espresso Stalinist|title=The Communist League: The Soviet-Finnish War|date=2011-10-08|url=https://espressostalinist.com/2011/10/08/the-communist-league-the-soviet-finnish-war/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210119032311/https://espressostalinist.com/2011/10/08/the-communist-league-the-soviet-finnish-war/|archive-date=2021-01-19|retrieved=2022-05-14}}</ref> | Finland was part of [[Sweden]] for 600 years until being ceded to the [[Russian Empire (1721–1917)|Russian Empire]] in 1808 as a [[Grand Duchy of Finland (1809–1917)|Grand Duchy]].<ref name=":0">{{News citation|author=Victor Vaughn|newspaper=The Espresso Stalinist|title=The Communist League: The Soviet-Finnish War|date=2011-10-08|url=https://espressostalinist.com/2011/10/08/the-communist-league-the-soviet-finnish-war/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210119032311/https://espressostalinist.com/2011/10/08/the-communist-league-the-soviet-finnish-war/|archive-date=2021-01-19|retrieved=2022-05-14}}</ref> It became a Russian protectorate and had no military or independent foreign or economic policy.<ref name=":1">{{News citation|author=[[TheFinnishBolshevik]]|newspaper=ML-Theory|title=The Finnish Communist Revolution (1918) PART 1: Finnish Independence|date=2018-04-03|url=https://mltheory.wordpress.com/2018/04/03/the-finnish-communist-revolution-1918-part-1-finnish-independence/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220622100111/https://mltheory.wordpress.com/2018/04/03/the-finnish-communist-revolution-1918-part-1-finnish-independence/|archive-date=2022-06-22|retrieved=2022-07-19}}</ref> | ||
After the [[Russian revolution of 1905|1905 revolution in Russia]], Finland gained its own parliament, although it was still controlled by Russia. Finnish [[Bourgeoisie|bourgeois]] and nobility worked with the tsar to oppose the Finnish independence movement, which was led by [[Proletariat|proletarians]].<ref name=":1" /> | |||
In 1916, socialists gained a majority in the Finnish parliament and passed the Power Act, declaring that the Finnish government was sovereign from Russian involvement.<ref name=":1" /> | |||
=== Russian revolution === | === Russian revolution === | ||
Finland declared independence from [[Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (1917–1991)|Russia]] on 6 December 1917 and was recognized on 2 January 1918. A communist revolution began in Finland in 1918 but was defeated by [[Carl Mannerheim]] with [[German Empire (1871–1918)|German]] support. Mannerheim supported foreign intervention against the [[Red Army]] and allowed Western countries to launch military operations from Finland. In 1920, the Soviets were forced to sign the [[Treaty of Tartu]], which moved the Finnish border to only 18 miles from [[Petrograd]].<ref name=":0" /> | The Finnish government allied itself with [[Alexander Kerensky|Kerensky]]'s provisional government after the [[February Revolution]] of 1917.<ref name=":1" /> | ||
The [[Communist Party of the Soviet Union|Bolsheviks]], who took power in Russia in November 1917, supported Finnish independence.<ref>{{Citation|author=Antti Hyvönen|year=1977|title=The Great Events of 1917-18|publisher=Kansankulttuuri|isbn=9516151469|trans-title=Suurten tapahtumien vuodet 1917-18|trans-lang=Finnish}}</ref> Finland declared independence from [[Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (1917–1991)|Russia]] on 6 December 1917 and was recognized on 2 January 1918. A communist revolution began in Finland in 1918 but was defeated by [[Carl Mannerheim]] with [[German Empire (1871–1918)|German]] support. Mannerheim supported foreign intervention against the [[Red Army]] and allowed Western countries to launch military operations from Finland. In 1920, the Soviets were forced to sign the [[Treaty of Tartu]], which moved the Finnish border to only 18 miles from [[Petrograd]].<ref name=":0" /> | |||
=== NATO === | === NATO === | ||
In May 2022, the Finnish government announced that it planned to join the [[Imperialism|imperialist]] organization [[North Atlantic Treaty Organization|NATO]]. | In May 2022, the Finnish government announced that it planned to join the [[Imperialism|imperialist]] organization [[North Atlantic Treaty Organization|NATO]]. The [[Communist Workers' Party – For Peace and Socialism]], opposes this action and wants Finland to remain a neutral country.<ref>{{News citation|newspaper=[[In Defense of Communism]]|title=Eight reasons why Finland should not join NATO|date=2022-05-16|url=http://www.idcommunism.com/2022/05/eight-reasons-why-finland-should-not-join-nato.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220516004831/http://www.idcommunism.com/2022/05/eight-reasons-why-finland-should-not-join-nato.html|archive-date=2022-05-16|retrieved=2022-05-22}}</ref> | ||
== References == | == References == | ||
[[Category:Countries]] | [[Category:Countries]] | ||
[[Category:Global north]] | [[Category:Global north]] | ||
Revision as of 16:43, 19 July 2022
| Republic of Finland Suomen tasavalta Republiken Finland | |
|---|---|
| Capital and largest city | Helsinki |
| Official languages | Finnish Swedish |
| Dominant mode of production | Capitalism |
| Leaders | |
• President | Sauli Niinistö |
• Prime Minister | Sanna Marin |
| Area | |
• Total | 338,455 km² |
| Population | |
• 2020 estimate | 5,536,146 |
Finland, officially the Republic of Finland, is a social democratic country in Northern Europe.
History
Russian Empire
Finland was part of Sweden for 600 years until being ceded to the Russian Empire in 1808 as a Grand Duchy.[1] It became a Russian protectorate and had no military or independent foreign or economic policy.[2]
After the 1905 revolution in Russia, Finland gained its own parliament, although it was still controlled by Russia. Finnish bourgeois and nobility worked with the tsar to oppose the Finnish independence movement, which was led by proletarians.[2]
In 1916, socialists gained a majority in the Finnish parliament and passed the Power Act, declaring that the Finnish government was sovereign from Russian involvement.[2]
Russian revolution
The Finnish government allied itself with Kerensky's provisional government after the February Revolution of 1917.[2]
The Bolsheviks, who took power in Russia in November 1917, supported Finnish independence.[3] Finland declared independence from Russia on 6 December 1917 and was recognized on 2 January 1918. A communist revolution began in Finland in 1918 but was defeated by Carl Mannerheim with German support. Mannerheim supported foreign intervention against the Red Army and allowed Western countries to launch military operations from Finland. In 1920, the Soviets were forced to sign the Treaty of Tartu, which moved the Finnish border to only 18 miles from Petrograd.[1]
NATO
In May 2022, the Finnish government announced that it planned to join the imperialist organization NATO. The Communist Workers' Party – For Peace and Socialism, opposes this action and wants Finland to remain a neutral country.[4]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Victor Vaughn (2011-10-08). "The Communist League: The Soviet-Finnish War" The Espresso Stalinist. Archived from the original on 2021-01-19. Retrieved 2022-05-14.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 TheFinnishBolshevik (2018-04-03). "The Finnish Communist Revolution (1918) PART 1: Finnish Independence" ML-Theory. Archived from the original on 2022-06-22. Retrieved 2022-07-19.
- ↑ Antti Hyvönen (1977). The Great Events of 1917-18 (Finnish: Suurten tapahtumien vuodet 1917-18). Kansankulttuuri. ISBN 9516151469
- ↑ "Eight reasons why Finland should not join NATO" (2022-05-16). In Defense of Communism. Archived from the original on 2022-05-16. Retrieved 2022-05-22.