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The Brookings Institution, also called Brookings, is an influential imperialist think tank based in the United States of America. It was founded in 1916 by businessman Robert S. Brookings.[1][2]
Victoria Nuland, former NATO ambassador and facilitator of the 2014 Ukrainian coup d'etat, became a nonresident senior fellow at Brookings in 2019.[3] Nuland's husband, Robert Kagan, neoconservative founder of the Project for a New American Century and proponent of a US-led liberal world order,[4] is also a senior fellow at Brookings.[5]
In his 1932 book analyzing various issues within capitalism as well as his analysis of the building of socialism within the Soviet Union at the time, Brookings founder Robert S. Brookings commented that one of the "bright spots" of Russian history is that "For centuries, Russia served as the buffer state, preventing the overrunning of Western Europe by Asiatic hordes."[6]
On Iran: "Which Path to Persia?"[edit | edit source]
Brookings is the publisher of the 2009 analysis paper titled "Which Path to Persia? Options for a New American Strategy toward Iran."[7][2] Opening with the line, "What should the United States do about Iran?" the paper includes chapter titles such as: "Leave it to Bibi: Allowing or Encouraging an Israeli Military Strike"; "The Velvet Revolution: Supporting a Popular Uprising"; "Inspiring an Insurgency: Supporting Iranian Minority And Opposition Groups"; and "The Coup: Supporting a Military Move Against the Regime."[7]
The 170-page paper was written collaboratively by CIA analyst Kenneth M. Pollack, former ambassador to Israel Martin Indyk, RAND Corporation affiliated Daniel L. Byman, former ExxonMobil Middle East adviser and Council on Foreign Relations affiliated Suzanne Maloney, former defense budget analyst Michael E. O'Hanlon, and former CIA officer and NATO advisor Bruce Riedel. The work's introduction muses on the "nine bad options" it presents, saying "Perhaps some new Kennan or Kissinger will emerge to reveal the answer to America's Persian dilemma, but it seems unlikely. Washington is probably limited to variations of the nine approaches considered in this study, all of which involve heavy costs, significant risks, and potentially painful trade-offs."[7] The document describes containment as the US policy of "last resort" toward Iran:
As in the past, Containment may become the U.S. policy of last resort toward Iran. If Washington is once again unable to persuade Tehran to give up its nuclear program and its other problematic behaviors, if it is unable or unwilling to try to overthrow the regime, if it chooses not to invade or if it chooses not to use airstrikes or to encourage the Israelis to do so, then it may find itself dusting off and applying a policy of Containment toward Iran. Indeed, there seems to be an implicit assumption in many of the arguments made by Americans about Iran policy that if one of the diplomatic or regime change options cannot be made to work soon, then Washington will have no choice but to adopt either Containment or one of the military options.[7]
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ "Robert Somers Brookings". Brookings. Archived from the original on 2025-06-24.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Julian Rivera (2024-08-17). "A think tank determining the future of Iran, the entire Middle East" Al Mayadeen. Archived from the original on 2025-05-22.
- ↑ Anna Newby (2019-04-03). "Victoria Nuland, former U.S. Assistant Secretary of State, joins Brookings" Brookings.
- ↑ “So Americans for more than four decades proved willing to support the expansive and active foreign policy that Roosevelt and his advisers had envisioned—indeed, probably much more than they envisioned—and the results were extraordinary. In the half-century following World War II, the United States successfully established, protected, and advanced a liberal world order, carving out a vast “free world” within which an unprecedented era of peace and prosperity could flower in Western Europe, East Asia, and the Western Hemisphere. [...] Most of the world enjoyed an unprecedented prosperity. [...] none of it would have been possible without a United States willing and able to play the abnormal and unusual role of preserver and defender of a liberal world order.”
Robert Kagan (2014-05-27). "Superpowers Don’t Get to Retire: What our tired country still owes the world" The New Republic. Archived from the original on 2025-09-17. - ↑ "Robert Kagan". Bookings.
- ↑ “It is true that even a brief glance at the history of Russia discloses a number of bright spots. For centuries, Russia served as the buffer state, preventing the overrunning of Western Europe by Asiatic hordes.”
Robert S. Brookings (1932). The Way Forward (pp. 56-57). The Macmillan Company. - ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 Kenneth M. Pollack, Daniel L. Byman, et. al. (2009). Which Path to Persia? Options for a New American Strategy toward Iran. [PDF] The Saban Center for Middle East Policy at The Brookings Institution.