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'''Productive forces''', '''productive powers''', or '''forces of production''' (German: ''Produktivkräfte'') is a central idea in [[Marxism]] and [[historical materialism]]. | |||
In [[Marx|Karl Marx]] and [[Engels|Friedrich Engels]]' own critique of political economy, it refers to the combination of the [[Means of production|means of labor]] (tools, machinery, land, infrastructure, and so on) with human [[labour power]]. | |||
Together with the social and technical [[relations of production]], the productive forces constitute a historically specific [[mode of production]]. | |||
The productive forces are the unity of means of production and labour: | The productive forces are the unity of means of production and labour: | ||
# All labour (individual, union) | # All labour (individual, union) | ||
# Instruments of production (buildings, machines) | # Instruments of production (buildings, machines) | ||
# Subjects of production (raw materials, labor) | # Subjects of production (raw materials, labor) | ||
== Modern uses == | |||
While the definition of productive forces hasn't changed, it's become a popular term in recent decades as the [[People's Republic of China]] (PRC) has been emphasizing increasing their economy's productive forces in order to advance to higher stages of socialism, and eventually to the lofty ideal of [[communism]], where there is [[Post-scarcity|immense material abundance]]. | |||
=== Deng Xiaoping === | |||
[[Deng Xiaoping]], the former leader of the PRC, wrote about the productive forces, writing about how the implementation of a Socialist Market Economy would help China to liberate and develop its productive forces.<ref>[https://dengxiaopingworks.wordpress.com/2013/03/18/there-is-no-fundamental-contradiction-between-socialism-and-a-market-economy/ There Is No Fundamental Contradiction Between Socialism and a Market Economy]</ref> | |||
== References == | |||
[[Category:Marxist terminology]] | |||
Latest revision as of 17:37, 3 July 2024
Productive forces, productive powers, or forces of production (German: Produktivkräfte) is a central idea in Marxism and historical materialism.
In Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels' own critique of political economy, it refers to the combination of the means of labor (tools, machinery, land, infrastructure, and so on) with human labour power.
Together with the social and technical relations of production, the productive forces constitute a historically specific mode of production.
The productive forces are the unity of means of production and labour:
- All labour (individual, union)
- Instruments of production (buildings, machines)
- Subjects of production (raw materials, labor)
Modern uses[edit | edit source]
While the definition of productive forces hasn't changed, it's become a popular term in recent decades as the People's Republic of China (PRC) has been emphasizing increasing their economy's productive forces in order to advance to higher stages of socialism, and eventually to the lofty ideal of communism, where there is immense material abundance.
Deng Xiaoping[edit | edit source]
Deng Xiaoping, the former leader of the PRC, wrote about the productive forces, writing about how the implementation of a Socialist Market Economy would help China to liberate and develop its productive forces.[1]