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African Union: Difference between revisions

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The '''African Union''' is an economic, cultural and political union of the 55 countries of [[Africa]], established in July 9th, 2002.<ref>African Union. [https://au.int/en/overview ''About the African Union''].</ref> In June 2022, President [[Macky Sall]] called for removing sanctions on [[Russian Federation|Russia]], which are causing food shortages in several African countries.<ref>{{News citation|newspaper=Monthly Review|title=African Union Head calls for lifting of sanctions on Russia|date=2022-06-15|url=https://mronline.org/2022/06/15/african-union-head-calls-for-lifting-of-sanctions-on-russia/|retrieved=2022-06-17}}</ref>
{{Infobox country|name=African Union|native_name=الاتحاد الأفريقي<br>Umoja wa Afrika|image_flag=Flag of the African Union.svg|image_coat=Emblem of the African Union.svg|largest_city=Lagos|leader_title1=Chairperson|leader_name1=[[Azali Assoumani]]|image_map=African Union map.svg|map_width=260|map_caption=Suspended members in light green|established_event1=Founded|established_date1=9 July 2002}}
 
The '''African Union''' ('''AU''') is a [[Pan-Africanism|pan-African]] bloc of organizations meant to promote continental integration. The African Union's membership consists of all African states. Founded on the 26th of May 2001, being previously planned in the Sirte Declaration calling for its future creation. The African Union was official established on the 9th of July 2009, in Durban, [[Republic of South Africa|South Africa]], with the base of operations being held in the [[Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia|Ethiopian]] capital of Addis Ababa, officially replacing the OAU (Organization of African Unity).
 
== History ==
In 2023, the African Union sided with the [[North Atlantic Treaty Organization|West]] and condemned [[Ibrahim Traoré]]'s [[Anti-imperialism|anti-imperialist]] coup in [[Burkina Faso]].<ref name=":02">{{Web citation|author=[[Vijay Prashad]], [[Kambale Musavuli]]|newspaper=Independent Media Institute|title=Niger Is the Fourth Country in the Sahel to Experience an Anti-Western Coup|date=2023-08-01|url=https://portal.independentmediainstitute.org/2023/08/01/niger-is-the-fourth-country-in-the-sahel-to-experience-an-anti-western-coup/|retrieved=2023-08-03}}</ref>
 
== Administration ==
 
=== Assembly ===
The Assembly of the African Union (African Union Assembly of Heads of State and Government (AU-AHSG), is the overseeing, and according to AU itself the <nowiki>''</nowiki>supreme policy and decision-making organ.<nowiki>''</nowiki> It encompasses all Member State Heads of State and Government. The Assembly settles the AU's policies, establishes its priorities, and also adopts the organization's annual initiative and monitors the appliance of its polices and decision makes. According to the African Union the Assembly; elects the Chairperson and Deputy Chairperson of the African Union Commission (AUC); appoints the AUC Commissioners and determines their functions and terms of office; admits new members to the AU; adopts the AU budget, amends the Constitutive Act in conformity with the laid down procedures; interprets the Constitutive Act; approves the structure, functions and regulations of the AU Commission; determines the structure, functions, powers, composition and organization of the Executive Council. The Assembly can in fact create any committee, <nowiki>''</nowiki>working group<nowiki>''</nowiki>, or commissions it deems necessary. It can as well delegate its powers and functions to other Union organs, as fits.<ref name=":0">{{Web citation|author=Pan African Parliament|newspaper=African Union|title=Constitutive Act of the African Union|date=2000 -7-11|url=https://au.int/sites/default/files/pages/34873-file-constitutiveact_en.pdf|retrieved=5/21/23}}</ref>
 
=== Chairperson ===
The Chairperson of the African Union is selected by the Assembly following confirmations with Member States. The office of the Chair of the African Union is held for a period for one year by a Head of State or Government.<ref name=":0" />
{| class="wikitable"
|+List of chairpeople
!Name
!Took office
!Country
|-
|[[Thabo Mbeki]]
|9 July 2002
|South Africa
|-
|[[Joaquim Chissano]]
|10 July 2003
|[[Mozambique]]
|-
|[[Olusegun Obasanjo]]
|11 July 2004
|[[Federal Republic of Nigeria|Nigeria]]
|-
|[[Denis Sassou Nguesso]]
|24 January 2006
|[[Republic of the Congo|Congo]]
|-
|[[John Kufuor]]
|30 January 2007
|[[Republic of Ghana|Ghana]]
|-
|[[Jakaya Kikwete]]
|31 January 2008
|[[United Republic of Tanzania|Tanzania]]
|-
|[[Muammar Gaddafi]]
|2 February 2009
|[[Libyan Arab Jamahiriya (1977–2011)|Libya]]
|-
|[[Bingu wa Mutharika]]
|31 January 2010
|[[Malawi]]
|-
|[[Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo]]
|31 January 2011
|[[Equatorial Guinea]]
|-
|[[Yayi Boni]]
|29 January 2012
|[[Republic of Benin|Benin]]
|-
|[[Hailemariam Desalegn]]
|27 January 2013
|[[Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia|Ethiopia]]
|-
|[[Mohamed Ould Abdel Aziz]]
|30 January 2014
|[[Islamic Republic of Mauritania|Mauritania]]
|-
|[[Robert Mugabe]]
|30 January 2015
|[[Republic of Zimbabwe|Zimbabwe]]
|-
|[[Idriss Déby]]
|30 January 2016
|[[Republic of Chad|Chad]]
|-
|[[Alpha Condé]]
|30 January 2017
|[[Republic of Guinea|Guinea]]
|-
|[[Paul Kagame]]
|28 January 2018
|[[Republic of Rwanda|Rwanda]]
|-
|[[Abdel Fattah el-Sisi]]
|10 February 2019
|[[Arab Republic of Egypt|Egypt]]
|-
|[[Cyril Ramaphosa]]
|10 February 2020
|South Africa
|-
|[[Félix Tshisekedi]]
|6 February 2021
|[[Democratic Republic of the Congo|DR Congo]]
|-
|[[Macky Sall]]
|5 February 2022
|[[Republic of Senegal|Senegal]]
|-
|[[Azali Assoumani]]
|18 February 2023
|[[Union of the Comoros|Comoros]]
|}
 
== African Union Commission ==
 
* AUC Structure
* AUC Chairperson
* AUC Deputy Chairperson
* AUC Commissioners
* High Representatives of the AUC Chairperson<ref name=":0" />
 
== Judicial, human rights and legal organs ==
 
* African Commission on Human and Peoples’ Rights (ACHPR)
* African Court on Human and Peoples’ Rights (AfCHPR)
* Extraordinary African Chambers (EAC)
* AU Commission on International Law (AUCIL)
* AU Advisory Board on Corruption (AUABC)
* African Committee of Experts on the Rights and Welfare of the Child (ACERWC)<ref name=":0" />
 
== Pan-African Parliament ==
== Financial Institutions ==
 
* African Monetary Fund (AMF)
* African Investment Bank (AIB)
* African Central Bank (ACB)<ref name=":0" />
 
== Regional Economic Communities ==
 
* Arab Maghreb Union (AMU)
* Southern African Development Community (SADC)
* Intergovernmental Authority on Development (IGAD)
* Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS)
* Economic Community of Central African States (ECCAS)
* East African Community (EAC)
* Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA)
* Community of Sahel-Saharan States (CEN-SAD)
* African Economic Community (AEC)*<ref name=":0" />
 
== The Peace & Security Council ==
 
* PSC Subsidiary Bodies
* Military Staff Committee
* Committee of Experts
* AFRICAN PEACE AND SECURITY ARCHITECTURE (APSA)
* Panel of the Wise
* Continental Early Warning System (CEWS)
* Arican Network of Women in Conflict Prevention and Peace Mediation (FemWise–Africa)
* Peace Fund
* African Standby Force (ASF)
* Peace Support Operations<ref name=":0" />
 
== AU Foundation ==
 
* The African Continental Free Trade Area
* Institutional Framework of the AfCFTA
* The Assembly
* The Council of Ministers
* The Committee of Senior Trade Officials<ref name=":0" />


== References ==
== References ==
<references/>
[[Category:Intergovernmental organizations]]
[[Category:Intergovernmental organizations]]

Latest revision as of 00:26, 23 November 2023

African Union
الاتحاد الأفريقي
Umoja wa Afrika
Flag of African Union
Flag
Coat of arms of African Union
Coat of arms
Suspended members in light green
Suspended members in light green
Largest cityLagos
Leaders
• Chairperson
Azali Assoumani
History
• Founded
9 July 2002


The African Union (AU) is a pan-African bloc of organizations meant to promote continental integration. The African Union's membership consists of all African states. Founded on the 26th of May 2001, being previously planned in the Sirte Declaration calling for its future creation. The African Union was official established on the 9th of July 2009, in Durban, South Africa, with the base of operations being held in the Ethiopian capital of Addis Ababa, officially replacing the OAU (Organization of African Unity).

History[edit | edit source]

In 2023, the African Union sided with the West and condemned Ibrahim Traoré's anti-imperialist coup in Burkina Faso.[1]

Administration[edit | edit source]

Assembly[edit | edit source]

The Assembly of the African Union (African Union Assembly of Heads of State and Government (AU-AHSG), is the overseeing, and according to AU itself the ''supreme policy and decision-making organ.'' It encompasses all Member State Heads of State and Government. The Assembly settles the AU's policies, establishes its priorities, and also adopts the organization's annual initiative and monitors the appliance of its polices and decision makes. According to the African Union the Assembly; elects the Chairperson and Deputy Chairperson of the African Union Commission (AUC); appoints the AUC Commissioners and determines their functions and terms of office; admits new members to the AU; adopts the AU budget, amends the Constitutive Act in conformity with the laid down procedures; interprets the Constitutive Act; approves the structure, functions and regulations of the AU Commission; determines the structure, functions, powers, composition and organization of the Executive Council. The Assembly can in fact create any committee, ''working group'', or commissions it deems necessary. It can as well delegate its powers and functions to other Union organs, as fits.[2]

Chairperson[edit | edit source]

The Chairperson of the African Union is selected by the Assembly following confirmations with Member States. The office of the Chair of the African Union is held for a period for one year by a Head of State or Government.[2]

List of chairpeople
Name Took office Country
Thabo Mbeki 9 July 2002 South Africa
Joaquim Chissano 10 July 2003 Mozambique
Olusegun Obasanjo 11 July 2004 Nigeria
Denis Sassou Nguesso 24 January 2006 Congo
John Kufuor 30 January 2007 Ghana
Jakaya Kikwete 31 January 2008 Tanzania
Muammar Gaddafi 2 February 2009 Libya
Bingu wa Mutharika 31 January 2010 Malawi
Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo 31 January 2011 Equatorial Guinea
Yayi Boni 29 January 2012 Benin
Hailemariam Desalegn 27 January 2013 Ethiopia
Mohamed Ould Abdel Aziz 30 January 2014 Mauritania
Robert Mugabe 30 January 2015 Zimbabwe
Idriss Déby 30 January 2016 Chad
Alpha Condé 30 January 2017 Guinea
Paul Kagame 28 January 2018 Rwanda
Abdel Fattah el-Sisi 10 February 2019 Egypt
Cyril Ramaphosa 10 February 2020 South Africa
Félix Tshisekedi 6 February 2021 DR Congo
Macky Sall 5 February 2022 Senegal
Azali Assoumani 18 February 2023 Comoros

African Union Commission[edit | edit source]

  • AUC Structure
  • AUC Chairperson
  • AUC Deputy Chairperson
  • AUC Commissioners
  • High Representatives of the AUC Chairperson[2]

Judicial, human rights and legal organs[edit | edit source]

  • African Commission on Human and Peoples’ Rights (ACHPR)
  • African Court on Human and Peoples’ Rights (AfCHPR)
  • Extraordinary African Chambers (EAC)
  • AU Commission on International Law (AUCIL)
  • AU Advisory Board on Corruption (AUABC)
  • African Committee of Experts on the Rights and Welfare of the Child (ACERWC)[2]

Pan-African Parliament[edit | edit source]

Financial Institutions[edit | edit source]

  • African Monetary Fund (AMF)
  • African Investment Bank (AIB)
  • African Central Bank (ACB)[2]

Regional Economic Communities[edit | edit source]

  • Arab Maghreb Union (AMU)
  • Southern African Development Community (SADC)
  • Intergovernmental Authority on Development (IGAD)
  • Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS)
  • Economic Community of Central African States (ECCAS)
  • East African Community (EAC)
  • Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA)
  • Community of Sahel-Saharan States (CEN-SAD)
  • African Economic Community (AEC)*[2]

The Peace & Security Council[edit | edit source]

  • PSC Subsidiary Bodies
  • Military Staff Committee
  • Committee of Experts
  • AFRICAN PEACE AND SECURITY ARCHITECTURE (APSA)
  • Panel of the Wise
  • Continental Early Warning System (CEWS)
  • Arican Network of Women in Conflict Prevention and Peace Mediation (FemWise–Africa)
  • Peace Fund
  • African Standby Force (ASF)
  • Peace Support Operations[2]

AU Foundation[edit | edit source]

  • The African Continental Free Trade Area
  • Institutional Framework of the AfCFTA
  • The Assembly
  • The Council of Ministers
  • The Committee of Senior Trade Officials[2]

References[edit | edit source]

  1. ↑ Vijay Prashad, Kambale Musavuli (2023-08-01). "Niger Is the Fourth Country in the Sahel to Experience an Anti-Western Coup" Independent Media Institute. Retrieved 2023-08-03.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 Pan African Parliament (2000 -7-11). "Constitutive Act of the African Union" African Union. Retrieved 5/21/23.
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