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{{Infobox country|name=Arab Republic of Egypt|native_name=جمهورية مصر العربية|capital=[[Cairo]]|largest_city=[[Cairo]]|mode_of_production=[[Capitalism]]|government_type=Unitary semi-presidential republic|image_map=Egypt map.png|map_width= | {{Infobox country|name=Arab Republic of Egypt|native_name=جمهورية مصر العربية|image_flag=Flag of Egypt.svg|image_coat=Coat of arms of Egypt.svg|capital=[[Cairo]]|largest_city=[[Cairo]]|mode_of_production=[[Capitalism]]|government_type=Unitary semi-presidential republic|image_map=Egypt map.png|map_width=260|official_languages=Arabic|national_languages=Egyptian Arabic|area_km2=1,010,408|population_estimate=102,674,145|population_estimate_year=2021}} | ||
'''Egypt''', officially the '''Arab Republic of Egypt''', is a country in [[North Africa]] and [[West Asia]]. The [[United States of America|United States]] is currently involved in a secret proxy war in Egypt codenamed Enigma Hunter.<ref>{{News citation|newspaper=[[Monthly Review]]|title=U.S. forces involved in at least 23 proxy wars across the world, new documents suggest|date=2022-07-07|url=https://mronline.org/2022/07/07/u-s-forces-involved-in-at-least-23-proxy-wars-across-the-world-new-documents-suggest/|retrieved=2022-07-13}}</ref> | '''Egypt''', officially the '''Arab Republic of Egypt''', is a country in [[North Africa]] and [[West Asia]]. The [[United States of America|United States]] is currently involved in a secret proxy war in Egypt codenamed Enigma Hunter.<ref>{{News citation|newspaper=[[Monthly Review]]|title=U.S. forces involved in at least 23 proxy wars across the world, new documents suggest|date=2022-07-07|url=https://mronline.org/2022/07/07/u-s-forces-involved-in-at-least-23-proxy-wars-across-the-world-new-documents-suggest/|retrieved=2022-07-13}}</ref> | ||
== History == | == History == | ||
=== Nasser period === | |||
In 1952, the [[Free Officers]] led by [[Gamal Abdel Nasser]] organized a nationalist revolution against King [[Farouk]]. They included [[Communism|communists]], nationalists of the [[Wafd Party]], members of the [[Muslim Brotherhood]], and aristocrats who were against the monarchy. Nasser supported [[Anti-colonialism|anti-colonial]] forces in [[People's Democratic Republic of Algeria|Algeria]] and nationalized the [[Suez Canal]]. The USA and [[Europe]] rejected Egypt's request for assistance, so it turned to the [[Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (1922–1991)|USSR]].<ref>{{Citation|author=[[Vijay Prashad]]|year=2008|title=The Darker Nations: A People's History of the Third World|chapter=Cairo|page=52|pdf=https://cloudflare-ipfs.com/ipfs/bafykbzaceascnzh26r5d6uitjjs2z7rflhaxlt7rboz5whzdf76qg6xxvecqq?filename=%28A%20New%20Press%20People%27s%20history%29%20Vijay%20Prashad%20-%20The%20darker%20nations_%20a%20people%27s%20history%20of%20the%20third%20world-The%20New%20Press%20%282008%29.pdf|publisher=The New Press|isbn=9781595583420|lg=https://libgen.rs/book/index.php?md5=9B40B96E830128A7FE0E0E887C06829F}}</ref> | |||
=== Arab Republic of Egypt === | |||
In 1977, hundreds of thousands of Egyptians protested against the [[International Monetary Fund|IMF]]'s removal of food subsidies.<ref name=":1">{{News citation|author=Dejan Kukic|newspaper=[[In Defence of Marxism]]|title=Sisi says “let them eat leaves” as food crisis sharpens class lines in Egypt|date=2022-07-08|url=https://www.marxist.com/sisi-says-let-them-eat-leaves-as-food-crisis-fuels-sharpens-class-lines-in-egypt.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220709165928/https://www.marxist.com/sisi-says-let-them-eat-leaves-as-food-crisis-fuels-sharpens-class-lines-in-egypt.htm|archive-date=2022-07-09|retrieved=2022-07-16}}</ref> | In 1977, hundreds of thousands of Egyptians protested against the [[International Monetary Fund|IMF]]'s removal of food subsidies.<ref name=":1">{{News citation|author=Dejan Kukic|newspaper=[[In Defence of Marxism]]|title=Sisi says “let them eat leaves” as food crisis sharpens class lines in Egypt|date=2022-07-08|url=https://www.marxist.com/sisi-says-let-them-eat-leaves-as-food-crisis-fuels-sharpens-class-lines-in-egypt.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220709165928/https://www.marxist.com/sisi-says-let-them-eat-leaves-as-food-crisis-fuels-sharpens-class-lines-in-egypt.htm|archive-date=2022-07-09|retrieved=2022-07-16}}</ref> | ||
In 2011, millions of people in Egypt rose up to overthrow the U.S.-backed police state led by [[Hosni Mubarak]].<ref name=":0" /> Due to the lack of a revolutionary socialist party, the capitalist | In 2011, millions of people in Egypt rose up to overthrow the U.S.-backed police state led by [[Hosni Mubarak]].<ref name=":0">{{News citation|author=Mazda Majidi|newspaper=[[Liberation News]]|title=U.S. imperialism and the coup in Egypt|date=2013-07-20|url=https://www.liberationnews.org/us-imperialism-and-the-coup-html/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190714134706/https://www.liberationnews.org/us-imperialism-and-the-coup-html/|archive-date=2019-07-14|retrieved=2022-07-13}}</ref> Due to the lack of a revolutionary socialist party, the capitalist Muslim Brotherhood party took power under [[Mohamed Morsi]].<ref>{{News citation|newspaper=[[Liberation School]]|title=How can we make a revolution? Lessons of Egypt and Occupy|date=2014-07-06|url=https://www.liberationschool.org/can-make-revolution-lessons-egypt-occupy/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210505234706/https://www.liberationschool.org/can-make-revolution-lessons-egypt-occupy/|archive-date=2021-05-05|retrieved=2022-07-13}}</ref> Morsi supported U.S. efforts to overthrow [[Bashar al-Assad]] in [[Syrian Arab Republic|Syria]] and passed a new constitution limiting the rights of women and religious minorities.<ref name=":0" /> | ||
In 2013, General [[Abdel Fattah al-Sisi|Abdul Fatah Saeed el-Sisi]] removed Morsi from power and appointed [[Hazem El Beblawi|Hazem Al Beblawi]] as prime minister. The military has killed almost 100 supporters of the Muslim Brotherhood.<ref name=":0" /> In 2022, General el-Sisi told poor people to "eat leaves" to survive due to food shortages.<ref name=":1" /> | In 2013, General [[Abdel Fattah al-Sisi|Abdul Fatah Saeed el-Sisi]] removed Morsi from power and appointed [[Hazem El Beblawi|Hazem Al Beblawi]] as prime minister. The military has killed almost 100 supporters of the Muslim Brotherhood.<ref name=":0" /> In 2022, General el-Sisi told poor people to "eat leaves" to survive due to food shortages.<ref name=":1" /> | ||
Revision as of 21:07, 7 January 2023
| Arab Republic of Egypt جمهورية مصر العربية | |
|---|---|
 Flag
 Coat of arms
| |
 | |
| Capital and largest city | Cairo |
| Official languages | Arabic |
| Recognised national languages | Egyptian Arabic |
| Dominant mode of production | Capitalism |
| Government | Unitary semi-presidential republic |
| Area | |
• Total | 1,010,408 km² |
| Population | |
• 2021 estimate | 102,674,145 |
Egypt, officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, is a country in North Africa and West Asia. The United States is currently involved in a secret proxy war in Egypt codenamed Enigma Hunter.[1]
History
Nasser period
In 1952, the Free Officers led by Gamal Abdel Nasser organized a nationalist revolution against King Farouk. They included communists, nationalists of the Wafd Party, members of the Muslim Brotherhood, and aristocrats who were against the monarchy. Nasser supported anti-colonial forces in Algeria and nationalized the Suez Canal. The USA and Europe rejected Egypt's request for assistance, so it turned to the USSR.[2]
Arab Republic of Egypt
In 1977, hundreds of thousands of Egyptians protested against the IMF's removal of food subsidies.[3]
In 2011, millions of people in Egypt rose up to overthrow the U.S.-backed police state led by Hosni Mubarak.[4] Due to the lack of a revolutionary socialist party, the capitalist Muslim Brotherhood party took power under Mohamed Morsi.[5] Morsi supported U.S. efforts to overthrow Bashar al-Assad in Syria and passed a new constitution limiting the rights of women and religious minorities.[4]
In 2013, General Abdul Fatah Saeed el-Sisi removed Morsi from power and appointed Hazem Al Beblawi as prime minister. The military has killed almost 100 supporters of the Muslim Brotherhood.[4] In 2022, General el-Sisi told poor people to "eat leaves" to survive due to food shortages.[3]
References
- ↑ "U.S. forces involved in at least 23 proxy wars across the world, new documents suggest" (2022-07-07). Monthly Review. Retrieved 2022-07-13.
- ↑ Vijay Prashad (2008). The Darker Nations: A People's History of the Third World: 'Cairo' (p. 52). [PDF] The New Press. ISBN 9781595583420 [LG]
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Dejan Kukic (2022-07-08). "Sisi says “let them eat leaves” as food crisis sharpens class lines in Egypt" In Defence of Marxism. Archived from the original on 2022-07-09. Retrieved 2022-07-16.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Mazda Majidi (2013-07-20). "U.S. imperialism and the coup in Egypt" Liberation News. Archived from the original on 2019-07-14. Retrieved 2022-07-13.
- ↑ "How can we make a revolution? Lessons of Egypt and Occupy" (2014-07-06). Liberation School. Archived from the original on 2021-05-05. Retrieved 2022-07-13.