Xi Jinping Thought

Xi Jinping in 2007, then a member of the CPC Politburo.

Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era (XJT or XJToSwCCfaNE; Simplified Chinese:习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想; Pinyin: Xíjìnpíng xīn shídài zhōngguó tèsè shèhuì zhǔyì sīxiǎng) is Comrade Xi Jinping's contribution to Socialism with Chinese Characteristics in a new era (the 21st century) of increased competition and souring relations with capitalist and imperialist nations, the rise of global fascism, climate change and an impending world conflict.

Xi Jinping Thought is Marxism–Leninism and Mao Zedong Thought suited to China's current material conditions. XJT aims to make China into a prosperous and powerful socialist country by 2050, with the goal of rooting out corruption in the CPC, strengthening national security, green development, full national reunification, improving peoples' living standards and alleviation of poverty, in order to set the stage for the necessary conditions to be able to eventually reach full communism.

The following is a quote from the Resolution of the CPC Central Committee on the Major Achievements and Historical Experience of the Party over the Past Century, held November 16th, 2021. It shows the party's acceptance of XJT and its drive to use it in adapting Marxism to the material conditions of China:

Chinese communists, with Comrade Xi Jinping as their chief representative, have established Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era on the basis of adapting the basic tenets of Marxism to China’s specific realities and its fine traditional culture, upholding Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiaoping Theory, the Theory of Three Represents, and the Scientific Outlook on Development, thoroughly reviewing and fully applying the historical experience gained since the founding of the Party, and proceeding from new realities.

On self-criticism, self-discipline, self-revolution and self-governing of the Party

On January 18, 2022, Xi Jinping, General Secretary of the CPC Central Committee, President of the State, and Chairman of the Central Military Commission, delivered an important speech at the sixth plenary meeting of the 19th Central Commission for Discipline Inspection of the Communist Party of China.

According to him, the fight against corruption has stopped some unhealthy tendencies that have not been stopped for many years and eliminated serious hidden dangers that existed within the party, the state, and the army, and fundamentally reversed the lax governance of the party. Without comprehensive and strict governance of the party, there would be no such a highly united and powerful Communist Party of China today, and there would be no relationship between the party and the people that is united in the face of difficulties, and it would be impossible to survive in a world where all guns are pointed towards China.

Xi believes the way to jump out of the historical cyclical rate of nations rising and falling was created by Mao Zedong which was the Mass Line. And the second answer was from the 18th National Congress of the Party, which is "Self Revolution", which he outlines as:

"Self-revolution is to supplement calcium and strengthen bones, detoxify and sterilize, strong men cut wrists, remove putrefaction and regenerate muscles, constantly eliminate viruses that erode the party's healthy body, continuously improve self-immunity, and prevent death. The courage to self-revolution and acceptance of people's supervision are inherently consistent, and both originate from the original mission of the party. Over the past 100 years, the party has relied on developing people's democracy and accepting people's supervision outside the party, comprehensively and strictly governing the party internally, promoting self-revolution, courageously upholding the truth, correcting mistakes, and courageously turning the blade inward to cure the poison, ensuring the long-term prosperity of the party. Persistence, continuous development and growth. I will be selfless, live up to the people, and always represent the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people. Only then can I examine myself in a thorough self-revolutionary spirit, often reflect on my own mistakes, and resolutely fight against all factors that damage the party's advanced nature and purity; Get rid of the "siege" and corruption of all interest groups, power groups, and privileged classes, and attack those who have become partners of these groups, groups, and classes in the party, so as to maintain the vitality of the party forever; only then can the people trust us, support us, and sincerely Help us correct our shortcomings and firmly follow the party to fight together. Strictly governing the party in an all-round way is the great practice of the party's self-revolution in the new era, and it has opened up a new realm of the century-old party's self-revolution."

On China, Capitalism and the USSR

In surveying the history of China, Xi argued it is "Marxism–Leninism and Mao Zedong Thought that guided the Chinese people out of the darkness of that long night and established a New China." And, as to the future, "the consolidation and development of the socialist system will require its own long period of history... it will require the tireless struggle of generations, up to ten generations."

On the relationship with capitalist nations, Xi said, "Marx and Engels' analysis of the basic contradictions in capitalist society is not outdated, nor is the historical materialist view that capitalism is bound to die out and socialism is bound to win." Xi aimed to reinforce the Marxist–Leninist view of history, stating: "The fundamental reason why some of our comrades have weak ideals and faltering beliefs is that their views lack a firm grounding in historical materialism."

Xi showed great interest in why the Soviet Union ceased to exist, and how to avoid that failure in China:

Why did the Soviet Union disintegrate? Why did the Communist Party of the Soviet Union fall from power? An important reason was that the struggle in the field of ideology was extremely intense, completely negating the history of the Soviet Union, negating the history of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, negating Lenin, negating Stalin, creating historical nihilism and confused thinking. Party organs at all levels had lost their functions, the military was no longer under Party leadership. In the end, the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, a great party, was scattered, the Soviet Union, a great socialist country, disintegrated. This is a cautionary tale!

14 point basic policy of Xi Jinping Thought

The concepts behind Xi Jinping Thought were elaborated in Xi's The Governance of China book series, published by the Foreign Languages Press for an international audience. Volume one was published in September 2014, followed by volume two in November 2017, followed by volume three in June 2020 and volume four in July 2022.

The 14-point basic policy of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era

Xi Jinping Thought consists of a 14-point basic policy as follows:

1. Ensuring Communist Party of China leadership over all forms of work in China.
2. The Communist Party of China should take a people-centric approach for the public interest.
3. The continuation of "comprehensive deepening of reforms".
4. Adopting new science-based ideas for "innovative, coordinated, green, open and shared development".
5. Following "socialism with Chinese characteristics" with "people as the masters of the country".
6. Governing China with the Rule of Law.
7. "Practise socialist core values", including Marxism-Leninism and socialism with Chinese characteristics.
8. "Improving people's livelihood and well-being is the primary goal of development".
9. Coexist well with nature with "energy conservation and environmental protection" policies and "contribute to global ecological safety".
10. Strengthen the national security of China.
11. The Communist Party of China should have "absolute leadership over" China's People's Liberation Army.
12. Promoting the one country, two systems system for Hong Kong and Macau with a future of "complete national reunification" and to follow the One-China principle and 1992 Consensus for Taiwan.
13. Establish a common destiny between the Chinese people and other peoples around the world with a "peaceful international environment".
14. Improve party discipline in the Communist Party of China.

In subsequent official party documentation and pronouncements by Xi's colleagues, the thought has been said to be a continuation of Marxism–Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiaoping Theory, "the important thought of the Three Represents" and the Scientific Outlook on Development as part of a series of guiding ideologies that embody "Marxism adapted to Chinese conditions".

The 21 Characteristics of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era

According to the "Xi Jinping's New Era Socialism with Chinese Characteristics Study Outline" , these are the following 21 characteristics:

1. Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era is the guiding ideology that the party and the country must adhere to for a long time

The Nineteenth National Congress of the Communist Party of China established Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era as the guiding ideology that the party must adhere to for a long time and solemnly wrote it into the party constitution, realizing the advancement of the party's guiding ideology with the times. This is a historic decision and historic contribution, reflecting the party's high degree of maturity and confidence in politics and theory. The Amendment to the Constitution adopted at the first session of the Thirteenth National People's Congress solemnly incorporated Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era into the Constitution, realizing the state's guiding ideology to keep pace with the times and reflecting the spirit of the people of all ethnic groups in the country. The common will and the common will of the whole society. Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era is the ideological banner of the Communist Party of China in the new era, the fundamental guideline for the country’s political and social life, and Marxism in contemporary China and Marxism in the 21st century.

2. Socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era

Socialism has always been pioneering and advancing, and it must continue to develop as the situation and conditions change. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: "After long-term efforts, socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era. This is a new historical orientation for my country's development." The connotation provides us with the era coordinates and basic basis for us to deeply grasp the new stage and new characteristics of contemporary China's development, and scientifically formulate the party's line, principles and policies.

3. The Fundamental Direction of Development and Progress in Contemporary China

Rivers and lakes always have their sources, and trees as tall as thousands of feet have roots. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: "Socialism with Chinese characteristics did not fall from the sky. It is the fundamental achievement of the party and the people who have gone through untold hardships and paid a huge price." Socialism with Chinese characteristics was created in the new era of reform and opening up. Based on the long-term struggle of the party for more than 90 years, the source of its thought, theory and practice can be traced back even further. To understand the context of the formation and development of socialism with Chinese characteristics, and fully understand its historical inevitability and scientific truth, we should extend the time scale and grasp it in the course of the evolution of socialism in the world.

4. Adhere to the people-centered approach

The character of the people is the most distinctive character of Marxism. Always being with the people and fighting for the interests of the people is the fundamental difference between a Marxist political party and other political parties. As a Marxist political party, the Communist Party of China has always been consistent and unified with its party spirit and people's nature. It has no special interests of its own except for the interests of the country, the nation, and the people. Only by not seeking personal gain can we seek fundamental and great benefits, and only then can we proceed from the nature and fundamental purpose of the party, proceed from the fundamental interests of the people, and serve the people wholeheartedly.

5. Realizing the Chinese Dream of the Great Rejuvenation of the Chinese Nation

The Chinese nation has created a splendid Chinese civilization, made outstanding contributions to mankind, and become a great nation in the world. After the Opium War, due to the invasion of Western powers and the corruption of feudal rule, China gradually fell into the dark abyss of semi-colonial and semi-feudal society. The self-improving Chinese nation has never given up its yearning and pursuit of beautiful dreams.

6. Start a new journey of building a modern socialist country in an all-round way

After the founding of New China, our party has carried out arduous exploration of socialist modernization. Comrade Mao Zedong proposed that our task "is to settle down so that we can build our country's modernized industry, modernized agriculture, modernized science and culture, and modernized national defense." Entering a new historical period of reform and opening up, Comrade Deng Xiaoping established the correct path for my country to realize socialist modernization based on new reality and historical experience. He pointed out: "From the first year of the 1980s, we must not delay a single day, concentrate on the four modernizations." This matter should not be disturbed at any time, and must be carried out unswervingly and wholeheartedly.” Since the reform and opening up, the party’s previous national congresses have made strategic plans for advancing socialist modernization. In practice and exploration, our party has achieved a series of major achievements in accelerating the realization of modernization, consolidating and developing socialism, and greatly promoted the historical process of socialist modernization.

7. The leadership of the Communist Party of China is the most essential feature of socialism with Chinese characteristics

The Communist Party of China is the vanguard of the Chinese working class, as well as the Chinese people and the Chinese nation. It plays an irreplaceable leading and core role in promoting the progress of Chinese history. After an in-depth understanding of China's modern history, it is not difficult to find that without the leadership of the Communist Party of China, our country and our nation could not have achieved the achievements they have today, nor could they have achieved the international status they have today. It is correct for history and the people to choose the Chinese Communist Party to lead the cause of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. In the form of the fundamental law of the country, the Constitution of our country has confirmed the great struggle and fundamental achievements of the party leading the people in revolution, construction and reform, confirmed the ruling status of the Communist Party of China, and confirmed the core of the party's overall control and coordination of all parties in the state power structure. The status provides the fundamental legal basis for our party's long-term governance.

8. Carry out comprehensive deepening reform to the end

Each era has its own problems, and each generation has its own mission. As the reform enters the critical period and the deep-water area, the resistance encountered is increasing, and there are more and more hidden reefs, undercurrents, and eddies. Problems in development and problems after development, general contradictions and deep-seated contradictions are intertwined and superimposed and intricate. The reforms that are easy and satisfying to all have been completed, all the good meat has been eaten, and the rest are tough nuts. The contradictions in the reform and opening up can only be resolved by means of reform and opening up. To move forward, China must comprehensively deepen reforms. There is no other way but to comprehensively deepen reforms.

9. Comprehensively promote the rule of law

Comprehensive rule of law is an essential requirement and an important guarantee for upholding and developing socialism with Chinese characteristics. It is related to the governance and rejuvenation of our party, the happiness and well-being of the people, and the development of the cause of the party and the country. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out that "the overall goal of comprehensively promoting the rule of law is to build a socialist legal system with Chinese characteristics and a socialist country ruled by law." This overall goal not only clarifies the nature and direction of advancing the rule of law in an all-round way, but also highlights the key points of work and the overall starting point, which is of great significance.

10. Leading high-quality economic development with new development concepts

Innovation is the primary driving force leading development. Innovation and development focus on solving the problem of development motivation. Innovation must be placed at the core of the overall development of the country, so that innovation runs through all the work of the party and the country. Coordination is an inherent requirement for sustainable and healthy development. Coordinated development focuses on solving the problem of unbalanced development. It is necessary to correctly handle major relationships in development and continuously enhance the integrity of development. Green is a necessary condition for sustainable development and an important manifestation of people's pursuit of a better life. Green development focuses on solving the problem of harmonious coexistence between man and nature. It must realize the synergy between economic and social development and ecological environmental protection, and create good production for the people. living environment. Opening up is the only way for a country to prosper and develop. Opening up and developing focuses on solving the problem of internal and external linkages of development. It is necessary to develop a higher level of open economy in order to expand opening up and promote reform and development. Sharing is the essential requirement of socialism with Chinese characteristics. Shared development focuses on solving the problem of social fairness and justice. We must insist on sharing for all, comprehensive sharing, joint construction and sharing, and gradual sharing, so as to continuously promote the common prosperity of all people.

11. Develop Socialist Democratic Politics

To follow the path of socialist political development with Chinese characteristics, we must always maintain political determination. If this point is not well grasped, not firmly grasped, and goes astray, not only will it be difficult to do well in the construction of political civilization, but it will also cause damage to the cause of the party and the people. We need to learn from the beneficial achievements of foreign political civilization, but we must not abandon the fundamentals of China's political system. General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized: "Copying the political system of other countries will not work, it will be unaccustomed to the environment, it will draw tigers instead of anti-dogs, and it will even ruin the country's future and destiny. Only a system that is rooted in the country's soil and absorbs abundant nutrients is the most reliable. It is also the most effective.” To maintain political concentration, persist in proceeding from national conditions and reality, we must not only grasp the long-term historical inheritance, but also grasp the development path we have traveled, accumulated political experience, and formed political principles. We must grasp realistic requirements and focus on solving practical problems. We cannot cut off history, and we cannot imagine that a "flying peak" in the political system will suddenly move. We must strengthen our confidence in the socialist political system with Chinese characteristics, and strengthen our confidence and determination to take the road of socialist political development with Chinese characteristics.

12. Promoting the Prosperity and Prosperity of Socialist Culture

Culture is the soul of a country and a nation. Cultural self-confidence is a more basic, broader and deeper self-confidence, and a more basic, deeper and more lasting force in the development of a country or a nation. General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized: "Without a high degree of cultural confidence and cultural prosperity, there will be no great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation." Strengthening the confidence in the path, theory, and system of socialism with Chinese characteristics is, in the final analysis, to strengthen cultural confidence.

13. Lead the people to create a happier and better life

To protect and improve people's livelihood, we must do our best and act according to our capabilities. People's livelihood work directly meets and reconciles with ordinary people, and promises must be fulfilled. Never write a bad promise, otherwise you will lose the trust of the people. We must stick to the bottom line, highlight key points, improve the system, guide expectations, persevere in doing a good job in people's livelihood, do one thing after another, year after year, and move forward with perseverance, so that the masses can see the changes and get benefits. At the same time, our country is still and will be in the primary stage of socialism for a long time to come. Improving people's livelihood cannot be divorced from this greatest reality and set too high a goal. We must persist in proceeding from reality, gradually improve people's living standards according to economic development and financial conditions, and do what can be done under realistic conditions.

14. Building a Beautiful China

When the ecology prospers, the civilization prospers, and when the ecology declines, the civilization declines. The ecological environment is the foundation of human survival and development, and changes in the ecological environment directly affect the rise and fall of civilizations. There are many examples of this in ancient and modern China and abroad. The four ancient civilizations of ancient Egypt, ancient Babylon, ancient India, and ancient China all originated in areas with dense forests, abundant water, and fertile fields. The decline of the ecological environment, especially the severe land desertification, led to the decline of ancient Egypt and ancient Babylon. Some areas in ancient my country also had painful lessons. The Hexi Corridor and the Loess Plateau used to be rich in water and grass. Due to deforestation and deforestation, the ecological environment was severely damaged and the economic decline was exacerbated.

15. Resolutely Safeguard National Sovereignty, Security, and Development Interests

The key to the overall national security concept lies in the "overall", emphasizing the systematic thinking and methods to do a good job in national security work, highlighting the concept of "big security", covering politics, military, land, economy, culture, society, technology, network, Ecology, resources, nuclear, overseas interests, space, deep sea, polar regions, biology and many other fields are ubiquitous and will continue to expand with the development of society. Implementing the overall national security concept requires us to pay attention to both development and security issues, external security and internal security, homeland security and national security, traditional security and non-traditional security, our own security and national security. Attach importance to common security. It is necessary to improve the national security system, strengthen national security capacity building, and resolutely safeguard national sovereignty, security, and development interests.

16. Build the people's army into a world-class army in an all-round way

Consolidating national defense and a strong military are the strategic support for upholding and developing socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era and realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. Our country is in a critical stage of development from big to strong, and has approached the center of the world stage like never before. The prospect is very bright, but the challenges are also very severe. National defense and army building are the strong backing for national security, and military means are the guarantee for realizing our great dreams. Make the army stronger, so that it will be confident and strong. We must obey and serve the party's historical mission, grasp the strategic needs of national security in the new era, provide strategic support for consolidating the leadership of the Communist Party of China and my country's socialist system, provide strategic support for safeguarding national sovereignty, unity, and territorial integrity, and provide strategic support for expanding my country's overseas interests. Strategic support provides strategic support for promoting world peace and development, and undertakes the mission of the new era entrusted by the party and the people.

17. Realizing the complete reunification of the motherland is the fundamental interest of the Chinese nation

"One country, two systems" is a basic state policy of the country. "One country, two systems" means that within a unified country, the main body of the country implements the socialist system, while individual regions implement the capitalist system according to law. This is an unprecedented pioneering undertaking, and it has never been done in the past human political practice. In accordance with the great concept of "one country, two systems", Hong Kong and Macao have achieved a peaceful return, changing the so-called stereotype in history that whenever lost territory is regained, it is necessary to go to war. "One country, two systems" is a new way of thinking and a new solution provided by China for the international community to solve similar problems. It is a new contribution made by the Chinese nation to world peace and development.

18. Promoting the building of a community with a shared future for mankind

Marx and Engels said: "The more completely the original closed state of each nation is eliminated due to the increasingly perfect mode of production, communication, and the division of labor between different nations naturally formed by communication, the more history will become world history." History And reality increasingly proves the scientific value of this prophecy. Today, the tide of economic globalization is rolling forward, the new technological revolution and industrial transformation are in-depth development, the global governance system is profoundly reshaping, the international landscape is evolving rapidly, and the trend of peaceful development is irreversible. The global nature of human exchanges is deeper and wider than ever before. Countries are interconnected and interdependent more frequently and closer than ever before. Peace, development, cooperation and win-win have become the trend of the times. The integrated world is there, and whoever rejects this world will also reject him.

19. Building the Party Stronger and More Powerful

Our party is a Marxist ruling party and a Marxist revolutionary party. In the course of more than 90 years of struggle leading the Chinese revolution, construction, and reform, why can our party stand out in repeated contests of various political forces? Why can we always be at the forefront of the times and become the backbone of the Chinese people and the Chinese nation? The fundamental reason is that our party has always maintained the spirit of self-revolution, maintained the courage to admit and correct mistakes, picked up the scalpel time and time again to get rid of its own diseases, and solved its own problems time and time again.

20. Master the Marxist method of thinking and working methods

Historical materialism is another important part of Marxist philosophy, and it is a science about the general law of the development of human society. To study and apply historical materialism, it is necessary to master the analysis method of basic social contradictions, combine the observation of the contradictory movement of productive forces and production relations with the contradictory movement of the economic base and superstructure, observe the basic contradictions of society as a whole, and comprehensively grasp the entire contradiction. The basic appearance and development direction of society; grasp the point of view that material production is the foundation of social life, promote the continuous development of social productive forces in our country, and realize the unity of continuous enrichment of things and all-round development of people; grasp the point of view that people are the creators of history, Adhere to the people-centered approach, so that development is for the people, development depends on the people, and the fruits of development are shared by the people.

21. Armed with Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, seize the great victory of socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era, and realize the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation

One of the most important reasons why the Chinese Communist Party has been able to continue to grow and develop through hardships is that our party has always attached importance to building the party ideologically and strengthening the party theoretically, so that the whole party has always maintained a unified thinking, firm will, coordinated actions, and strong combat effectiveness. Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era is contemporary Chinese Marxism and 21st century Marxism. It is a powerful ideological weapon and action guide that leads the cause of the party and the country from victory to new victory.

Xi's two political slogans

Just after becoming General Secretary of the Communist Party of China in late 2012, Xi announced a political slogan that would become the hallmark of his administration. "The Chinese Dream," he said, is "the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation." Formulated by Wang Huning, Xi's dream of the two slogans are best described as achieving the Two Centenaries: the material goal of China becoming a "moderately well-off society" by 2021, the 100th anniversary of the Communist Party of China, and the modernization goal of China becoming a fully developed nation by about 2049, the 100th anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic.

The Four Comprehensives

The Four Comprehensives, or the Four-pronged Comprehensive Strategy (Chinese: 四个全面战略布局) is a list of political goals for China, put forward by Xi Jinping, General Secretary of the Communist Party of China (CPC) in 2014. They are:

1. Comprehensively build a moderately prosperous society
2. Comprehensively deepen reform
3. Comprehensively govern the nation according to law
4. Comprehensively strictly govern the Party.

The Two Establishes and the Two Safeguards

Two Establishes (Chinese: 两个确立; Pinyin: Liǎng gè quèlì ) and Two Safeguards (Chinese: 两个维护; Pinyin: Liǎng gè wéihù) are two political slogans promoted by the CPC to reinforce Comrade Xi Jinping's tenure. According to the CPC historical resolution, the Two Establishes are:

1. "To establish the status of Comrade Xi Jinping as the core of the Party’s Central Committee and of the whole Party"
2. "To establish the guiding role of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for the New Era"

According to the Sixth Plenum of the 19th Central Committee of the CPC, the Two Safeguards are:

1. "Safeguard the 'core' status of General Secretary Xi Jinping within the CPC"
2. "To safeguard the centralized authority of the Party"

During the 20th National Congress of the CPC, the Two Safeguards was added to the CPC Constitution.

The Eight Musts

The Eight Musts (Chinese: 八个必须; Pinyin: Bā gè bìxū) are a policy set by the General Secretary Xi Jinping administration regarding the role of the Communist Party of China in Chinese society.

The Eight Musts are:

• We must persist in the dominant role of the people
• We must persist in liberating and developing social productive forces
• We must persist in moving reform and opening-up forward
• We must persist in safeguarding social fairness and justice
• We must persist in marching the path of being well-to-do together
• We must persist in stimulating social harmony
• We must persist in peaceful development
• We must persist in the leadership of the Party

The Two Centenaries

The Two Centenaries (Chinese: 两个一百年; Pinyin: Liǎng gè yībǎi nián) is a political slogan that refers to two 100-year anniversaries and a stated set of economic and political goals advanced by General Secretary Xi Jinping following the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China held in 2012. The Chinese government describes the Two Centenaries as the basic foundation for achieving the "Chinese Dream".

The "centenaries" refer to two 100-year anniversaries:

1. The centenary of the founding of the CPC in 1921. According to official CPC discourse, a Xiaokang society will have been achieved at the conclusion of this centenary. This goal has been achieved.
2. The centenary of the founding of the People's Republic of China in 2049, at which point, China will have become a "strong, democratic, civilized, harmonious, and modern socialist country".

Chinese Dream

The Chinese Dream (simplified Chinese: 中国梦; traditional Chinese: 中國夢; pinyin: Zhōngguó Mèng) is a term closely associated with Xi Jinping which conveys the aspirations of China to rejuvenate itself and become a moderately prosperous society. Xi began promoting the phrase as a slogan during a high-profile tour of an exhibit at the National Museum of China in November 2012, shortly after he became leader of the CPC.

According to an opinion piece by Robert Lawrence Kuhn, published by China's state-controlled newspaper China Daily, the Chinese Dream has four parts: "strong China", "civilized China", "harmonious China", and "beautiful China". Kuhn states, "the Chinese dream is described as achieving the 'Two 100s'", a concept promoted by Xi Jinping, adding, "The material goal of China becoming a 'moderately well-off society' by about 2020" and "The modernization goal of China becoming a fully developed nation by about 2050".

Circulation of Xi Jinping Thought

Circulating the ideas of Xi Jinping Thought began shortly after a 2017 speech, particularly to academic and cultural communities, as well as the wider Chinese public.

Content from Xi's 2017 speech is used in public messages, described as being 'pervasive' by a Beijing correspondent for the New York Times. A poster featuring the slogan "Chinese Dream" comes from the speech, where the phrase is used 31 times. In July 2018, the carriages of a train in Changchun Subway were decked out in red and dozens of Xi's quotes to celebrate the 97th anniversary of Communist Party of China. The train was described as a "highly condensed spiritual manual" of Xi Jinping Thought by the local government. In January 2019, Alibaba Group released an app called Xuexi Qiangguo for studying Xi Jinping Thought.

By the end of 2017, dozens of Chinese universities had established research institutes for Xi Jinping Thought, applying Xi's stated principle of bringing the thought into all aspects of daily life. Academics such as Jiang Shigong went on to write expositions of Xi Jinping Thought. In December 2019, Fudan University added content concerning the inculcation of teachers and students in Xi Jinping Thought into its charter.

In mid-2021, the Ministry of Education announced that Xi Jinping Thought would be taught to Chinese students beginning at the primary school level.