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'''COINTELPRO''' (syllabic abbreviation derived from | '''COINTELPRO''' (syllabic abbreviation derived from '''CO'''unter '''INTEL'''ligence '''PRO'''gram) (1956–present) is a series of [[Covert operation|covert]] and illegal<ref name="church-final-report">{{Citation |title=Intelligence Activities and the Rights of Americans – Church Committee final report|title-link=Church Committee|date=1976-04-26|publisher=United States Senate|series=II|page=10|chapter=I. Introduction and Summary|access-date=2014-07-15|chapter-url=https://www.intelligence.senate.gov/sites/default/files/94755_III.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140418092233/http://www.intelligence.senate.gov/pdfs94th/94755_II.pdf|archive-date=2014-04-18|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Citation|access-date=14 February 2018|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160309125741/https://archive.org/details/CointelproTheUntoldAmericanStory|title=COINTELPRO: The Untold American Story}}</ref> projects conducted by the [[United States of America|United States]] [[Federal Bureau of Investigation]] (FBI). Aimed at surveilling, infiltrating, discrediting, and disrupting domestic American political organizations.<ref name="Citizens">{{Citation|url=https://articles.latimes.com/2006/mar/08/opinion/oe-jalon8|title=A break-in to end all break-ins|last=Jalon|first=Allan M.|date=8 March 2006|work=Los Angeles Times|access-date=2014-07-15|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131203035850/http://articles.latimes.com/2006/mar/08/opinion/oe-jalon8|archive-date=2013-12-03}}</ref><ref name="The-Dangers-of-Domestic-Spying-by-Federal-Law-Enforcement">{{Citation |url=https://www.aclu.org/files/FilesPDFs/mlkreport.pdf|title=The Dangers of Domestic Spying by Federal Law Enforcement|date=2002|publisher=[[American Civil Liberties Union]]|access-date=2017-11-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180205173958/https://www.aclu.org/files/FilesPDFs/mlkreport.pdf|archive-date=2018-02-05|url-status=live}}</ref> FBI records show COINTELPRO resources targeted groups and individuals the FBI deemed subversive,<ref name="Jeffreys-Jones">{{Citation|title=The FBI: A History|last=Jeffreys-Jones|first=Rhodri|date=2008|publisher=Yale University Press|isbn=978-0-300-14284-6|location=New Haven, CT|page=189|author-link=Rhodri Jeffreys-Jones|orig-year=2007}}</ref> including [[feminist]] organizations,<ref>{{Citation|url=https://www.freedomarchives.org/Documents/Curr%20C101/Cointelpro%20and%20Women's%20Liberation.pdf|title=The Women's Liberation Movement and COINTELPRO|website=www.freedomarchives.org|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150724013050/http://www.freedomarchives.org/Documents/Curr%20C101/Cointelpro%20and%20Women's%20Liberation.pdf|archive-date=2015-07-24}}</ref> the [[Communist Party USA]], anti–[[Vietnam War]] organizers, activists of the [[civil rights movement]] or [[Black Power movement]] (e.g. [[Martin Luther King Jr.]], the [[Nation of Islam]], and the [[Black Panther Party]]), [[environmentalist]] and [[animal rights]] organizations, the [[American Indian Movement|American Indian Movement (AIM)]], independence movements (such as [[Commonwealth of Puerto Rico|Puerto Rican]] independence groups like the [[Young Lords]]), and a variety of organizations that were part of the broader [[New Left]], in combination with unrelated groups such as the [[Ku Klux Klan]] (KKK).<ref>{{Citation|title=White Robes and Burning Crosses: A History of the Ku Klux Klan from 1866|last=Newton|first=Michael|publisher=McFarland|year=2014|isbn=978-0-7864-7774-6|location=Jefferson, North Carolina|pages=146}}</ref> | ||
== Black Panther Party == | |||
In March 1971, the FBI murdered [[Sam Napier]], circulation manager of ''The Black Panther'' newspaper, and caused a split between the [[Huey P. Newton|Newton]] and [[Eldridge Cleaver|Cleaver]] branches of the party by sending them forged letters accusing one side of working with the [[police]] and plotting to kill the other side. The FBI also used faked letters to break alliances between the BPP and other Black organizations.<ref>{{Web citation|author=[[Eugene Puryear]]|newspaper=[[Liberation News]]|title=Tales from the pages of COINTELPRO|date=2024-02-05|url=https://www.liberationnews.org/tales-from-the-pages-of-cointelpro/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240206142107/https://www.liberationnews.org/tales-from-the-pages-of-cointelpro/|archive-date=2024-02-06}}</ref> | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
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[[Category:Intelligence Operations]] | [[Category:Intelligence Operations]] | ||
[[Category:FBI]] | [[Category:FBI]] | ||
[[Category:Suppression of dissent]] | |||
Revision as of 13:38, 10 February 2024
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COINTELPRO (syllabic abbreviation derived from COunter INTELligence PROgram) (1956–present) is a series of covert and illegal[1][2] projects conducted by the United States Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI). Aimed at surveilling, infiltrating, discrediting, and disrupting domestic American political organizations.[3][4] FBI records show COINTELPRO resources targeted groups and individuals the FBI deemed subversive,[5] including feminist organizations,[6] the Communist Party USA, anti–Vietnam War organizers, activists of the civil rights movement or Black Power movement (e.g. Martin Luther King Jr., the Nation of Islam, and the Black Panther Party), environmentalist and animal rights organizations, the American Indian Movement (AIM), independence movements (such as Puerto Rican independence groups like the Young Lords), and a variety of organizations that were part of the broader New Left, in combination with unrelated groups such as the Ku Klux Klan (KKK).[7]
Black Panther Party
In March 1971, the FBI murdered Sam Napier, circulation manager of The Black Panther newspaper, and caused a split between the Newton and Cleaver branches of the party by sending them forged letters accusing one side of working with the police and plotting to kill the other side. The FBI also used faked letters to break alliances between the BPP and other Black organizations.[8]
References
- ↑ Intelligence Activities and the Rights of Americans – Church Committee final report: 'I. Introduction and Summary' (1976-04-26) (p. 10). II. United States Senate.
- ↑ COINTELPRO: The Untold American Story.
- ↑ A break-in to end all break-ins (8 March 2006).
- ↑ The Dangers of Domestic Spying by Federal Law Enforcement (2002). American Civil Liberties Union.
- ↑ The FBI: A History (2008) (p. 189). Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-14284-6
- ↑ The Women's Liberation Movement and COINTELPRO.
- ↑ White Robes and Burning Crosses: A History of the Ku Klux Klan from 1866 (2014) (p. 146). McFarland. ISBN 978-0-7864-7774-6
- ↑ Eugene Puryear (2024-02-05). "Tales from the pages of COINTELPRO" Liberation News. Archived from the original on 2024-02-06.