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== Members == | == Members == | ||
[[File:NATO expansion.png|thumb|NATO expansion after the fall of the Warsaw Pact]] | [[File:NATO expansion.png|thumb|NATO expansion after the fall of the Warsaw Pact]] | ||
The 12 founding members of NATO were [[Belgium]], [[Canada]], [[Kingdom of Denmark|Denmark]], [[France]], [[Iceland]], [[Italy]], [[Luxembourg]], the [[Netherlands]], [[Kingdom of Norway|Norway]], [[Portugal]], the [[United Kingdom]] and the [[United States]].<ref name=":0">https://archive. | The 12 founding members of NATO were [[Belgium]], [[Canada]], [[Kingdom of Denmark|Denmark]], [[France]], [[Iceland]], [[Italy]], [[Luxembourg]], the [[Netherlands]], [[Kingdom of Norway|Norway]], [[Portugal]], the [[United Kingdom]] and the [[United States]].<ref name=":0">{{Web citation|title=NATO member countries|url=https://www.nato.int/cps/en/natohq/topics_52044.htm|date=2023-06-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240116162014/https://www.nato.int/cps/en/natohq/topics_52044.htm|archive-date=2024-01-16|retrieved=2024-01-17}}</ref> Since that time, other countries have joined the alliance: [[Greece]] and [[Turkey]] (1952), [[Germany]] (1955), [[Spain]] (1982), the [[Czech Republic]], [[Hungary]] and [[Poland]] (1999), [[Bulgaria]], [[Estonia]], [[Latvia]], [[Lithuania]], [[Romania]], [[Slovakia]] and [[Slovenia]] (2004), [[Albania]] and [[Croatia]] (2009), [[Montenegro]] (2017), [[Republic of North Macedonia|North Macedonia]] (2020) and [[Finland]] (2023).<ref name=":0" /> | ||
In 1990, U.S. Secretary of State [[James Baker]] claimed NATO would not expand into [[Eastern Europe]],<ref>{{Citation|author=[[James Baker]], [[Mikhail Gorbachev|Mikhail Gorbachyov]]|year=1990|title=Memorandum of conversation between Mikhail Gorbachev and James Baker in Moscow|page=6|title-url=https://nsarchive.gwu.edu/document/16116-document-05-memorandum-conversation-between|publisher=National Security Archive|pdf=https://nsarchive.gwu.edu/sites/default/files/documents/4325679/Document-05-Memorandum-of-conversation-between.pdf|quote=Baker: We understand the need for assurances to the countries in the East. If we maintain a presence in Germany that is part of NATO, there would be no extension of NATO's jurisdiction for forces of NATO one inch to the east.}}</ref> although it did anyway,<ref>{{News citation|newspaper=National Security Archive|title=NATO Expansion: What Gorbachev Heard|url=https://nsarchive.gwu.edu/briefing-book/russia-programs/2017-12-12/nato-expansion-what-gorbachev-heard-western-leaders-early}}</ref><ref>{{Web citation|author=[[Eugene Puryear]]|newspaper=[[Liberation News]]|title=Should we really blame NATO for the Ukraine war?|date=2022-06-05|url=https://www.liberationnews.org/should-we-really-blame-nato-for-the-ukraine-war/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221011074105/https://www.liberationnews.org/should-we-really-blame-nato-for-the-ukraine-war/|archive-date=2022-10-11|retrieved=2022-10-22}}</ref> and 14 countries in Central and Eastern Europe joined NATO after the [[overthrow of the Soviet Union]].<ref name=":1">{{News citation|author=[[Chris Hedges]]|newspaper=[[MintPress News]]|title=Chris Hedges: NATO—The Most Dangerous Military Alliance on the Planet|date=2022-07-12|url=https://www.mintpressnews.com/chris-hedges-nato-most-dangerous-military-alliance/281304/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220721133324/https://www.mintpressnews.com/chris-hedges-nato-most-dangerous-military-alliance/281304/|archive-date=2022-07-21|retrieved=2022-07-26}}</ref> | In 1990, U.S. Secretary of State [[James Baker]] claimed NATO would not expand into [[Eastern Europe]],<ref>{{Citation|author=[[James Baker]], [[Mikhail Gorbachev|Mikhail Gorbachyov]]|year=1990|title=Memorandum of conversation between Mikhail Gorbachev and James Baker in Moscow|page=6|title-url=https://nsarchive.gwu.edu/document/16116-document-05-memorandum-conversation-between|publisher=National Security Archive|pdf=https://nsarchive.gwu.edu/sites/default/files/documents/4325679/Document-05-Memorandum-of-conversation-between.pdf|quote=Baker: We understand the need for assurances to the countries in the East. If we maintain a presence in Germany that is part of NATO, there would be no extension of NATO's jurisdiction for forces of NATO one inch to the east.}}</ref> although it did anyway,<ref>{{News citation|newspaper=National Security Archive|title=NATO Expansion: What Gorbachev Heard|url=https://nsarchive.gwu.edu/briefing-book/russia-programs/2017-12-12/nato-expansion-what-gorbachev-heard-western-leaders-early}}</ref><ref>{{Web citation|author=[[Eugene Puryear]]|newspaper=[[Liberation News]]|title=Should we really blame NATO for the Ukraine war?|date=2022-06-05|url=https://www.liberationnews.org/should-we-really-blame-nato-for-the-ukraine-war/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221011074105/https://www.liberationnews.org/should-we-really-blame-nato-for-the-ukraine-war/|archive-date=2022-10-11|retrieved=2022-10-22}}</ref> and 14 countries in Central and Eastern Europe joined NATO after the [[overthrow of the Soviet Union]].<ref name=":1">{{News citation|author=[[Chris Hedges]]|newspaper=[[MintPress News]]|title=Chris Hedges: NATO—The Most Dangerous Military Alliance on the Planet|date=2022-07-12|url=https://www.mintpressnews.com/chris-hedges-nato-most-dangerous-military-alliance/281304/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220721133324/https://www.mintpressnews.com/chris-hedges-nato-most-dangerous-military-alliance/281304/|archive-date=2022-07-21|retrieved=2022-07-26}}</ref> | ||
Revision as of 17:32, 17 January 2024
North Atlantic Treaty Organization Organisation du traité de l'Atlantique nord | |
|---|---|
 Flag
 Coat of arms
| |
 | |
| Headquarters | Brussels, Belgium |
| Official languages | English French |
| Establishment | |
• Formation | 4 April 1949 |
The North Atlantic Treaty Organization, more often called NATO, and mockingly North Atlantic Terrorism Organization is the largest terrorist organization in the world.[1] It began as an anticommunist international military treaty created in the imperial core following the Second World War[2] and includes most imperialist states in Europe and North America.[3]
Its original aim was to defend bourgeois republics against a possible Soviet liberation of Europe. When this did not occur, NATO moved to funding anticommunist (more often fascist) acts in Europe and abroad. In 1955, the Soviet Union formed the Warsaw Pact to protect itself and its allies from NATO.[4]
NATO has started wars in Afghanistan, Iraq, Libya, and Syria, causing about a million deaths and creating 38 million refugees.[5] Its commanders are always appointed by the U.S. president, and it is an arm of U.S. imperialism.[3] In the event of a war, the U.S. commander has the power to suspend civilian laws and enact a dictatorship over most of Europe.[6]
Members
The 12 founding members of NATO were Belgium, Canada, Denmark, France, Iceland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, the United Kingdom and the United States.[7] Since that time, other countries have joined the alliance: Greece and Turkey (1952), Germany (1955), Spain (1982), the Czech Republic, Hungary and Poland (1999), Bulgaria, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Romania, Slovakia and Slovenia (2004), Albania and Croatia (2009), Montenegro (2017), North Macedonia (2020) and Finland (2023).[7]
In 1990, U.S. Secretary of State James Baker claimed NATO would not expand into Eastern Europe,[8] although it did anyway,[9][10] and 14 countries in Central and Eastern Europe joined NATO after the overthrow of the Soviet Union.[5]
Sweden will likely join NATO soon. Turkish president Recep Tayyip Erdoğan gave permission for them to join NATO after they expanded domestic terror laws and lifted restrictions on selling weapons to Turkey.[5]
Anticommunist projects
NATO took over anti-Soviet subversive activities from their predecessors when they started operating Nazi general Richard Gehlen's network of spies in the Soviet Union.
NATO is perhaps best known among European communists for Operation Gladio, which is a name given to a series of operations that consisted of funding fascist groups in Europe to assassinate and destabilize communists in the 20th century. In 2022, a Spanish lawmaker Gerado Pisarello criticized NATO for promoting a New Cold War on China.[11]
NATO supported a right-wing military coup in Greece in 1967. It sent warships to Portugal in 1975 to repress the working class after the fall of the fascist Estado Novo regime.[3]
Imperialist acts
The Coalition fighting in Afghanistan, in a conflict that started in 1979 when the Afghan government asked the USSR to help fight against the Mujahideen, was sent on the request of NATO.
NATO invaded and destroyed Iraq in 1991.[4]
NATO bombed Bosnia and Serbia during the Yugoslav Wars.[5] This bombing violated NATO's own charter because Yugoslavia never attacked any NATO member.[12]
When the USA was attacked on September 11, 2001 and followed with a declaration of war against Iraq for imperialist interests, NATO—by their own admission—put their principle of collective defence to practice: if one member country is attacked, then all must join the war in defense. It is important to note that the government of Iraq never claimed responsibility or was ever tied to the terrorist attacks. Notably, president Bush admitted in 2006 that Saddam Hussein, president of Iraq in 2001, was not responsible for the attack[13].
NATO invaded the Libyan Arab Jamahiriya in 2011, causing a complete collapse of the country.[5]
NATO backed Turkey's occupation of parts of Syria and Iraq. Turkey has the second largest military of any NATO member.[5]
In June 2022, NATO announced it would increase its standing army in Europe from 40,000 to 300,000 troops, including over 3,000 troops in the Baltic states on the border with Russia.[14] NATO also added China to its list of enemies and labeled it a "systemic challenge."[15]
List of Members
| State | Accession to NATO |
|---|---|
 Albania
|
1 April 2009 |
 Belgium
|
Founder (1949) |
 Bulgaria
|
29 March 2004 |
 Canada
|
Founder (1949) |
 Croatia
|
1 April 2009 |
 Czech Republic
|
12 March 1999 |
 Denmark
|
Founder (1949) |
 Estonia
|
29 March 2004 |
 Finland
|
4 April 2023 |
 France
|
Founder (1949) |
 Germany
|
6 May 1955
(West Germany) 3 October 1990 (Germany as a whole) |
 Greece
|
18 February 1952 |
 Hungary
|
12 March 1999 |
 Iceland
|
Founder (1949) |
 Italy
|
Founder (1949) |
 Latvia
|
29 March 2004 |
 Lithuania
|
29 March 2004 |
 Luxembourg
|
Founder (1949) |
 Montenegro
|
5 June 2017 |
 Netherlands
|
Founder (1993) |
 North Macedonia
|
27 March 2020 |
 Norway
|
Founder (1949) |
 Poland
|
12 March 1999 |
 Portugal
|
Founder (1949) |
 Romania
|
29 March 2004 |
 Slovakia
|
29 March 2004 |
 Slovenia
|
29 March 2004 |
 Spain
|
30 May 1982 |
 Turkey
|
18 February 1952 |
 United Kingdom
|
Founder (1949) |
 United States
|
Founder (1949) |
References
- ↑ “Dünyanın en büyük terör örgütü NATO’nun bir ülkeyi daha içine alarak genişlemesi artık an meselesi. (English: It is only a matter of time before NATO, the world's largest terrorist organization, expands by incorporating another country.)”
"NATO ile mücadele ertelenemez" (2023-07-11). Communist Party of Turkey. Retrieved 2023-07-18. - ↑ Ben Norton (2022-06-14). "NATO is a tool of US imperialism that has backed Nazis for decades" Multipolarista.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 John Catalinotto (2018-07-16). "A short history of NATO" Workers World. Archived from the original on 2022-06-26. Retrieved 2022-12-23.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Sara Flounders (2022-04-04). "NATO’s global history of reaction" Workers World. Archived from the original on 2022-08-22. Retrieved 2022-09-04.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 Chris Hedges (2022-07-12). "Chris Hedges: NATO—The Most Dangerous Military Alliance on the Planet" MintPress News. Archived from the original on 2022-07-21. Retrieved 2022-07-26.
- ↑ Stephen Gowans (2018). Patriots, Traitors and Empires: The Story of Korea’s Struggle for Freedom: 'Imperialism' (p. 49). [PDF] Montreal: Baraka Books. ISBN 9781771861427 [LG]
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 "NATO member countries" (2023-06-08). Archived from the original on 2024-01-16. Retrieved 2024-01-17.
- ↑ “Baker: We understand the need for assurances to the countries in the East. If we maintain a presence in Germany that is part of NATO, there would be no extension of NATO's jurisdiction for forces of NATO one inch to the east.”
James Baker, Mikhail Gorbachyov (1990). Memorandum of conversation between Mikhail Gorbachev and James Baker in Moscow (p. 6). [PDF] National Security Archive. - ↑ "NATO Expansion: What Gorbachev Heard". National Security Archive.
- ↑ Eugene Puryear (2022-06-05). "Should we really blame NATO for the Ukraine war?" Liberation News. Archived from the original on 2022-10-11. Retrieved 2022-10-22.
- ↑ Ben Norton (2022-07-05). "Spanish lawmaker: NATO subordinates Europe to US, pushes war on China, enriches weapons companies" Multipolarista.
- ↑ Michael Parenti (2000). To Kill a Nation: 'NATO's War Crimes' (pp. 115–116). [PDF] Verso.
- ↑ Suzanne Goldenberg (2006-09-12). "Bush: Saddam was not responsible for 9/11" The Guardian.
- ↑ Andre Damon (2022-06-27). "NATO announces plan for massive European land army" World Socialist Web Site. Archived from the original on 2022-06-30. Retrieved 2022-06-30.
- ↑ Sameena Rahman (2022-06-30). "NATO officially adds China to its list of enemies" Liberation News. Archived from the original on 2022-06-30. Retrieved 2022-07-02.