Romanian Communist Party: Difference between revisions

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{{Infobox political party|name=Romanian Communist Party|native_name=Partidul Comunist Român|logo=PCR logo.png|founded=8 May 1921|leader1_title=Notable Leaders|leader1_name=[[Nicolae Ceaușescu]]|dissolution=22 December 1989|newspaper=The Spark|youth_wing=Union of Communist Youth|political_orientation=[[Marxism-leninism]]<br>[[National communism]]<br>[[Anti-revisionism]]}}
{{Infobox political party|name=Romanian Communist Party|native_name=Partidul Comunist Român|logo=PCR logo.png|founded=8 May 1921|general_secretary=[[Gheorghe Cristescu]] (first)<br>[[Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej]] (first governing)<br>[[Nicolae Ceaușescu]] (last)|dissolution=22 December 1989|predecessor=[[Socialist Party of Romania]] (Partidul Socialist din România)|newspaper=[[Scînteia]] (The Spark)|youth_wing=[[Uniunea Tineretului Comunist]] (Union of Communist Youth)|membership_year=1989|membership=circa 4 million|political_orientation=[[Marxism-Leninism]]<br>[[Anti-revisionism]]<br>[[National Communism]]|national=[[Front of People's Democracy]] (Frontul Democrației Populare; 1944-1968)<br>[[Front of Socialist Unity and Democracy]] (Frontul Democrației și Unității Socialiste; 1968-1989)|international=[[Comintern]]<br>[[Cominform]]|colorcode=#bf0000}}


The '''Romanian Communist Party''' (''Partidul Comunist Român''), was the ruling party from 1953 to 1989 of [[Socialist Republic of Romania (1947–1989)|Romania]].
The '''Romanian Communist Party''' (''Partidul Comunist Român''), was the ruling party of the [[Socialist Republic of Romania (1947–1989)|Socialist Republic of Romania]] from December 1947 to December 1989.
 
== Names ==
 
* '''Socialist-Communist Party''' (''Partidul Socialist-Comunist''; '''PSC''') (1921)
* '''Communist Party of Romania''' (''Partidul Comunist din România''; '''PCdR''') (1921-1948)
* '''Romanian Workers' Party''' (''Partidul Muncitoresc Român'' (''Romîn from 1953 to 1964''); '''PMR''') (1948-1965)
* '''Romanian Communist Party''' (''Partidul Comunist Român''; '''PCR''')


== History ==
== History ==
The party was founded in 1921 after the Socialist Party of Romania split into the Romanian Communist Party and the Romanian Social Democratic Party. Before World War II, many communists were targeted and imprisoned by the Romanian monarchy<ref>{{News citation|journalist=Diana Condrea|date=|title=100 Years in the History of Romania|url=https://www.uncover-romania.com/romania-100/100-years-of-romania/|newspaper=Uncover Romania|archive-url=|archive-date=|retrieved=}}</ref> and the Communists were harshly persecuted by the fascist leader [[Ion Antonescu]] during the war.<ref>{{Citation|author=C. Bărbulescu et al.|year=1971|title=File din istoria U.T.C|chapter=|section=|page=199|quote=|pdf=|city=Bucharest|publisher=|isbn=|doi=|lg=|mia=|title-url=|chapter-url=|trans-title=File din istoria U.T.C|trans-lang=Romanian}}</ref> After Romania was liberated by the Red Army, [[Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej]] became the leader of the party and Romania became a socialist state. Gheorghiu-Dej died of cancer in 1965 and was succeeded by [[Nicolae Ceaușescu]]. In 1989, after [[Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty|Radio Free Europe]] incited a counterrevolution in Romania, Ceaușescu was executed
{{Communist parties}}
 
=== Founding ===
The party was founded in 1921 after the pro-[[Communist Party of the Soviet Union|Bolshevik]] faction of the [[Socialist Party of Romania]] (Romanian: ''Partidul Socialist din România'') won control of the party. A splinter group consisting primarily of social democrats founded the [[Romanian Social Democratic Party]] (Romanian: ''Partidul Social Democrat Român'') in 1927.  


{{Communist parties}}
=== Interwar Period and World War II ===
Before [[Second World War|World War II]], many communists were targeted and imprisoned by the [[Kingdom of Romania (1881–1947)|Romanian monarchy]];<ref>{{News citation|journalist=Diana Condrea|date=|title=100 Years in the History of Romania|url=https://www.uncover-romania.com/romania-100/100-years-of-romania/|newspaper=Uncover Romania|archive-url=|archive-date=|retrieved=}}</ref> and persecuted by the [[Fascism|fascist]] leader [[Ion Antonescu]] during the war.<ref>{{Citation|author=C. Bărbulescu et al.|year=1971|title=File din istoria U.T.C|chapter=|section=|page=199|quote=|pdf=|city=Bucharest|publisher=|isbn=|doi=|lg=|mia=|title-url=|chapter-url=|trans-title=File din istoria U.T.C|trans-lang=Romanian}}</ref>
 
=== Cold War ===
After Romania was liberated by the [[Workers' and Peasants' Red Army|Red Army]], [[Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej]] became the General Secretary of the party and Romania became a [[socialist state]].


and the party was dissolved.<ref>{{Citation|author=|year=2021|title=Encyclopædia Britannica|chapter=|section=Nicolae Ceaușescu|page=|quote=|pdf=|city=|publisher=|isbn=|doi=|lg=|mia=|title-url=|chapter-url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Nicolae-Ceausescu|trans-title=|trans-lang=}}</ref>
Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej died of cancer in 1965, and was succeeded as General Secretary by [[Nicolae Ceaușescu]], who also became President of the State Council in 1968. In 1989, after [[Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty|Radio Free Europe]] incited a counter-revolution in Romania, Ceaușescu was executed and the party was dissolved.<ref>{{Citation|author=|year=2021|title=Encyclopædia Britannica|chapter=|section=Nicolae Ceaușescu|page=|quote=|pdf=|city=|publisher=|isbn=|doi=|lg=|mia=|title-url=|chapter-url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Nicolae-Ceausescu|trans-title=|trans-lang=}}</ref>  


== References ==
== References ==
<references />
<references />
[[Category:Communist parties]]
[[Category:Communist parties]]

Latest revision as of 09:49, 29 September 2023

Romanian Communist Party

Partidul Comunist Român
General SecretaryGheorghe Cristescu (first)
Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej (first governing)
Nicolae Ceaușescu (last)
Founded8 May 1921
Dissolved22 December 1989
Preceded bySocialist Party of Romania (Partidul Socialist din România)
NewspaperScînteia (The Spark)
Youth wingUniunea Tineretului Comunist (Union of Communist Youth)
Membership (1989)circa 4 million
Political orientationMarxism-Leninism
Anti-revisionism
National Communism
National affiliationFront of People's Democracy (Frontul Democrației Populare; 1944-1968)
Front of Socialist Unity and Democracy (Frontul Democrației și Unității Socialiste; 1968-1989)
International affiliationComintern
Cominform


The Romanian Communist Party (Partidul Comunist Român), was the ruling party of the Socialist Republic of Romania from December 1947 to December 1989.

Names

  • Socialist-Communist Party (Partidul Socialist-Comunist; PSC) (1921)
  • Communist Party of Romania (Partidul Comunist din România; PCdR) (1921-1948)
  • Romanian Workers' Party (Partidul Muncitoresc Român (Romîn from 1953 to 1964); PMR) (1948-1965)
  • Romanian Communist Party (Partidul Comunist Român; PCR)

History

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Founding

The party was founded in 1921 after the pro-Bolshevik faction of the Socialist Party of Romania (Romanian: Partidul Socialist din România) won control of the party. A splinter group consisting primarily of social democrats founded the Romanian Social Democratic Party (Romanian: Partidul Social Democrat Român) in 1927.

Interwar Period and World War II

Before World War II, many communists were targeted and imprisoned by the Romanian monarchy;[1] and persecuted by the fascist leader Ion Antonescu during the war.[2]

Cold War

After Romania was liberated by the Red Army, Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej became the General Secretary of the party and Romania became a socialist state.

Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej died of cancer in 1965, and was succeeded as General Secretary by Nicolae Ceaușescu, who also became President of the State Council in 1968. In 1989, after Radio Free Europe incited a counter-revolution in Romania, Ceaușescu was executed and the party was dissolved.[3]

References

  1. ↑ Diana Condrea. "100 Years in the History of Romania" Uncover Romania.
  2. ↑ C. Bărbulescu et al. (1971). File din istoria U.T.C (Romanian: File din istoria U.T.C) (p. 199). Bucharest.
  3. ↑ Encyclopædia Britannica (2021).
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