Portal:Marxism: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 08:25, 27 April 2024

Introduction

Marxism is a scientific worldview and school of thought first developed by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels in the mid 1800s.

Marxism as a framework contains three components: the philosophical side (dialectical materialism), the economic theory (labour theory of value), and the political analysis (class struggle). Used together, Marxism becomes a very powerful tool with which to analyze the world and the contradictions inherently present in capitalism that inevitably create the foundations for socialism and then communism.

Marx and Engels themselves did not invent socialism, as several theorists had already coined the term and used it. However, these thinkers lacked a grounded framework with which to advocate for socialism and bring it about in society, and became known as utopian socialists. Marxism instead analyzes the world through its three components and, due to this methodic approach, became known as scientific socialism.

Since the 19th century, Marxism has then developed into several different currents of thought, such as Marxism-Leninism, Maoism or Mao Zedong Thought, Ho Chi Minh Thought and many others.

Getting started?

Check out our 1-month reading list for absolute beginners!

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Concepts

Lenin wrote the three sources and components of Marxism to be:

Economics

Philosophy

Start here:

Then follow up with:

Dialectical materialism
- Materialism
  - Historical materialism
  - And its opposite, Idealism
Dialectics
- And its opposite, metaphysics

Class struggle

And historic events:

Library works

We recommend works from the most important theorists of communism:

Karl Marx

(31 works)

Friedrich Engels

(29 works)

Vladimir Lenin

(37 works)

Joseph Stalin

(18 works)

Mao Zedong

(43 works)

Currents

People

Picture of Karl Marx, the founder of scientific socialism

There have been many important people to Marxism. Below, in alphabetical order, are some of them:

Historical gallery

Parties

Countries

Sorted by date of proclamation:

Former Existing Socialism

Currently Existing Socialism

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 |content= == Introduction ==
 '''Marxism''' is a scientific worldview and school of thought first developed by [[Marx|Karl Marx]] and [[Engels|Friedrich Engels]] in the mid 1800s.
-Since the 19th century, Marxism has then developed into several different currents of thought, such as [[Marxism-Leninism]], [[Maoism]] or [[Mao Zedong Thought]], [[Ho Chi Minh Thought]] and many other schools of thought.
-Since the 19th century, Marxism has then developed into several different currents of thought, such as Marxism–Leninism, Maoism or Mao Zedong Thought, Ho Chi Minh Thought and many other schools of thought.
+Marxism as a framework contains three components: '''the philosophical side''' (dialectical materialism), '''the economic theory''' (labour theory of value), and '''the political analysis''' (class struggle). Used together, Marxism becomes a very powerful tool with which to analyze the world and the [[contradictions]] inherently present in capitalism that inevitably create the foundations for [[socialism]] and then [[communism]].
+Marx and Engels themselves did not invent socialism, as several theorists had already coined the term and used it. However, these thinkers lacked a grounded framework with which to advocate for socialism and bring it about in society, and became known as [[utopian socialism|utopian socialists]]. Marxism instead analyzes the world through its three components and, due to this methodic approach, became known as [[scientific socialism]].
+Since the 19th century, Marxism has then developed into several different currents of thought, such as [[Marxism-Leninism]], [[Maoism]] or [[Mao Zedong Thought]], [[Ho Chi Minh Thought]] and many others.
+<small>[[Marxism|Read more]]</small>}}
+{{Portal container|width=3|border=no|align=center
+|content=== Getting started? ==
+Check out our 1-month reading list for absolute beginners!
+{{button|align=center|color=blue|width=100|link=:Category:Crit's absolute beginner reading list|text=Read now}}}}
-[[Marxism|Read more]]
-}}
 {{Portal container|width=12|border=no
 |content=== Concepts ==
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 * [[Labour theory of value]]
 * [[Value]] and [[Exchange value]]
+* [[Base and superstructure]]
+* [[Reserve army of labour]]
+* [[Alienation]]
 * [[Commodity]]
-** [[Commodity fetishism]]
+** [[Commodity fetishism]]}}
-}}
 {{Portal container|width=4
 |content==== Philosophy ===
@@ Line 33: / Line 43: @@
 *** And its opposite, [[Idealism]]
 * [[Dialectics]]
-** And its opposite, [[metaphysics]]
+** And its opposite, [[metaphysics]]}}
-}}
 {{Portal container|width=4
 |content==== Class struggle ===
@@ Line 40: / Line 49: @@
 * [[Social class]]
 ** [[Proletariat]]
+*** [[Lumpenproletariat]]
 ** [[Bourgeoisie]]
+*** [[Petty bourgeoisie]]
 *** [[Comprador bourgeoisie]]
 *** [[National bourgeoisie]]
 And historic events:
-* [[October revolution]]
+* [[Russian revolution of 1917]]
 * [[Chinese revolution]]
-}}
+* [[Cuban Revolution]]}}
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+</div>}}
-}}
+{{Portal container|width=12|border=no
-{{Portal container|width=12
 |content===Library works==
-table
+We recommend works from the most important theorists of communism:
-}}
+<div class="library-container">
+{{Library card mid|name=Karl Marx|image=Marx_colorised_thumb.jpeg|category=Library works by Karl Marx}}
+{{Library card mid|name=Friedrich Engels|image=Engels colorised thumb.jpg|category=Library works by Friedrich Engels|}}
+{{Library card mid|name=Vladimir Lenin|image=Lenin colorised thumb.jpg|category=Library works by Vladimir Lenin}}
+{{Library card mid|name=Joseph Stalin|image=Iosif Stalin colorised thumb.png|category=Library works by Joseph Stalin}}
+{{Library card mid|name=Mao Zedong|image=Mao Zedong thumb.jpg|category=Library works by Mao Zedong}}
+</div>}}
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 * [[Hoxhaism]]
 * [[Trotskyism]]
-* [[Ho Chi Minh Thought]]
+* [[Ho Chi Minh Thought]]}}
-}}
 {{Portal container|width=6
 |content=== People ==
 [[File:Marx.jpg|150px|thumb|Picture of Karl Marx, the founder of [[scientific socialism]]]]
 There have been many important people to Marxism. Below, in alphabetical order, are some of them:
-(not actually alphabetical yet)
-* [[Karl Marx]]
 * [[Friedrich Engels]]
-* [[Vladimir Lenin]]
 * [[Joseph Stalin]]
+* [[Karl Marx]]
+* [[Kim Il Sung]]
 * [[Mao Zedong]]
-* [[Kim Il Sung]]
+* [[Vladimir Lenin]]}}
-}}
 {{Portal container|width=12
-|content===Historical gallery==
+|content===Historical gallery==}}
-}}
 {{Portal container|width=7
 |content===Parties==
-{{Communist parties}}
+{{Communist parties}} }}
-}}
 {{Portal container|width=5
 |content===Countries==
 Sorted by date of proclamation:
 === Former Existing Socialism ===
-* [[Soviet Union]]
+* {{flagicon|Flag of the Soviet Union (1955-1991).svg}} [[Union of Soviet Socialist Republics]]
-* [[German Democratic Republic]]
+* {{flagicon|Mongolian People's Republic Flag.png}} [[Mongolian People's Republic]]
+* {{flagicon|Yugoslav flag.png}} [[Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia]]
+* {{flagicon|Flag of Albania (1946–1992).svg}} [[People's Socialist Republic of Albania]]
+* {{flagicon|People's Republic of Bulgaria flag.png}} [[People's Republic of Bulgaria]]
+* {{flagicon|Flag of Poland (1927–1980).svg}} [[Polish People's Republic]]
+* {{flagicon|Flag of Romania (1965–1989).png}} [[Socialist Republic of Romania]]
+* {{flagicon|Czech flag.png}} [[Czechoslovak Socialist Republic]]
+* {{flagicon|GDR flag.png}} [[German Democratic Republic]]
+* {{flagicon|Flag of Hungary (1949–1956).svg}} [[Hungarian People's Republic]]
+* {{flagicon|Flag of South Yemen.svg}} [[People's Democratic Republic of Yemen]]
+* {{flagicon|Flag of Angola.svg}} [[Republic of Angola]]
+* {{flagicon|Flag of Mozambique (1975–1983) (16-9).svg.png}} [[People's Republic of Mozambique]]
 === Currently Existing Socialism ===
-* [[People's Republic of China]]
+*
-* [[Republic of Cuba]]
+* {{flagicon|Flag_of_the_DPRK.svg}} [[Democratic People's Republic of Korea]]
-* [[Democratic People's Republic of Korea]]
+* {{flagicon|Flag_of_the_People's_Republic_of_China.svg}} [[People's Republic of China]]
-* [[Socialist Republic of Vietnam]]
+* {{flagicon|Flag_of_Cuba.svg}} [[Republic of Cuba]]
-* [[Lao People's Democratic Republic]]
+* {{flagicon|Flag_of_Laos.svg}} [[Lao People's Democratic Republic]]
-}}
+* {{flagicon|Flag_of_Vietnam.svg}} [[Socialist Republic of Vietnam]]}}
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