Communist Party of the United States of America: Difference between revisions
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On October 16, 1919, the police raided the headquarters of the CLP in Cleveland and arrested its leadership. In New York City, 700 police raided meetings celebrating the anniversary of the [[Russian revolution of 1917|October Revolution]]. During the night of January 6, 1902, President [[Woodrow Wilson]] authorized Attorney General [[A. Mitchell Palmer]] to carry out raids in 70 cities that led to approximately 10,000 arrests. Much of the leadership of the communist parties was arrested and over 500 people were deported. As a result of the [[Palmer Raids]], the membership of the CPA dropped from 60,000 to 10,000. In May 1920, the CPA and CLP combined to form the United Communist Party of America.<ref name=":0" /> | On October 16, 1919, the police raided the headquarters of the CLP in Cleveland and arrested its leadership. In New York City, 700 police raided meetings celebrating the anniversary of the [[Russian revolution of 1917|October Revolution]]. During the night of January 6, 1902, President [[Woodrow Wilson]] authorized Attorney General [[A. Mitchell Palmer]] to carry out raids in 70 cities that led to approximately 10,000 arrests. Much of the leadership of the communist parties was arrested and over 500 people were deported. As a result of the [[Palmer Raids]], the membership of the CPA dropped from 60,000 to 10,000. In May 1920, the CPA and CLP combined to form the United Communist Party of America.<ref name=":0" /> | ||
=== | === Great Depression === | ||
The Seventh National Convention of the CPUSA was held in | In October 1929, a major economic crisis known as the [[Great Depression]] began. 17 million workers became unemployed and basic industrial production dropped by 50%. During the first four years of the Depression, party membership increased from under 10,000 to 18,000. | ||
On March 6, 1930, the CPUSA organized a demonstration of over a million workers and unemployed. In [[New York City]], the demonstration was met with 25,000 police and firemen.<ref name=":1">{{Citation|author=William Z. Foster|year=1952|title=History of the Communist Party of the United States|title-url=http://williamzfoster.blogspot.com/|chapter=The Communist Party and the Great Economic Crisis (1929-1933)|chapter-url=http://williamzfoster.blogspot.com/2013/01/chapter-twenty-communist-party-and.html}}</ref> | |||
The Seventh National Convention of the CPUSA was held in New York City in 1930 with 306 delegates. Party leaders, including [[William Z. Foster]], did not participate because they were in jail after attempting to present the demands of the [[Unemployment|unemployed]] to Mayor [[Jimmy Walker]].<ref>{{Citation|author=Marxists Internet Archive|year=2009|title=Communist Party of the United States of America (1919–1946)|chapter=The Communist Party, USA|publisher=|mia=https://www.marxists.org/history/usa/eam/cpa/communistparty.html}}</ref> | |||
In 1932, William Z. Foster ran for president and received over 100,000 votes.<ref name=":1" /> | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Revision as of 23:25, 10 June 2022
Communist Party of the United States of America | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Founder | C. E. Ruthenberg |
| Founded | September 1, 1919 |
| Newspaper | People's World |
| Youth wing | Youth Communist League USA |
| Part of a series on |
| Communist parties |
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The Communist Party of the United States of America (CPUSA) is a communist party in the United States currently under a reformist and opportunist leadership.[1][2] It was established in 1919 after a split from the Socialist Party of America.
Joe Sims, who is the current national chairman, published a visibly opportunist distortion of Marxism's core tenets in 2008.[3]
History
Formation
In 1919, the Comintern urged the formation of a Statesian communist party composed of left elements of socialist groups that supported the dictatorship of the proletariat. On July 28, many members of the Socialist Party of America, including C. E. Ruthenberg, Louis Fraina, and Bertram D. Wolfe, decided to split and form a new party.[4]
After being expelled from the Socialist Party of America's convention, the Michigan group of the Socialist Party formed the Communist Party of America on September 1, 1919. The Communist Party soon had a membership of 58,000. Another smaller party was formed from this split, the Communist Labor Party. The CPA decided not to cooperate with non-revolutionary parties.[5]
Palmer Raids
On October 16, 1919, the police raided the headquarters of the CLP in Cleveland and arrested its leadership. In New York City, 700 police raided meetings celebrating the anniversary of the October Revolution. During the night of January 6, 1902, President Woodrow Wilson authorized Attorney General A. Mitchell Palmer to carry out raids in 70 cities that led to approximately 10,000 arrests. Much of the leadership of the communist parties was arrested and over 500 people were deported. As a result of the Palmer Raids, the membership of the CPA dropped from 60,000 to 10,000. In May 1920, the CPA and CLP combined to form the United Communist Party of America.[5]
Great Depression
In October 1929, a major economic crisis known as the Great Depression began. 17 million workers became unemployed and basic industrial production dropped by 50%. During the first four years of the Depression, party membership increased from under 10,000 to 18,000.
On March 6, 1930, the CPUSA organized a demonstration of over a million workers and unemployed. In New York City, the demonstration was met with 25,000 police and firemen.[6]
The Seventh National Convention of the CPUSA was held in New York City in 1930 with 306 delegates. Party leaders, including William Z. Foster, did not participate because they were in jail after attempting to present the demands of the unemployed to Mayor Jimmy Walker.[7]
In 1932, William Z. Foster ran for president and received over 100,000 votes.[6]
References
- ↑ “The CPUSA has long said the transition to US socialism will be much more prolonged and complex. [...] Just like the socialist society we envision - peaceful, humane and democratic – so too must be the path as it will shape every aspect of the new society.
[...]
Marx and Engels foresaw the possibility of peaceful transition particularly under conditions of the democratic or bourgeois republic. [...] Even Lenin initially thought a peaceful transition to workers' and peasants' power in Russia would be possible as a result of the crisis brought on by WWI, but the armed intervention of western imperialist powers changed the course of history.”
John Bachtell, chairman of PCUSA until 2019 (2014-06-23). "Elections, the state, reform and revolution" Political Affairs. - ↑ “Non-violent peaceful resistance is a very important form of struggle.
[...]
It will be what we call a democratic path. One that utilizes the electoral arena but also other democratic venues where we’re constantly trying to expand our right”
John Bachtell, chairman of CPUSA until 2019 (2018-04-25). "Marxism a vibrant philosophical outlook, says CPUSA leader" CPUSA Blog. - ↑ “[Dictatorship of the proletariat is] probably the worst phrase uttered by a political theorist ever. Who wants to live in a dictatorship? Even if I agreed with it conceptually, (which I don't), the Machiavellian in me has enough sense not to repeat it. Indefensible. And by the way, working-class “hegemony” (whatever the hell that means, sorry Gramsicans), aint much better.”
Joe Sims (2008-08-05). "Ten worst and best ideas of Marxism" Political Affairs. - ↑ Jacob A. Zumoff (2014). The Communist International and US Communism, 1919–1929: 'The Formation of the Communist Party, 1912–21' (pp. 40–44). [PDF] Boston: Global Oriental and Hotei Publishing.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 William Z. Foster (1952). History of the Communist Party of the United States: 'The Formation of the Communist Party (1919-1921)'.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 William Z. Foster (1952). History of the Communist Party of the United States: 'The Communist Party and the Great Economic Crisis (1929-1933)'.
- ↑ Marxists Internet Archive (2009). Communist Party of the United States of America (1919–1946): 'The Communist Party, USA'. [MIA]