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{{Communist Parties}} | {{Communist Parties}} | ||
The '''Japanese Communist Party'''<ref group=lower-alpha>''Japanese: 日本共産党''</ref> is a communist party in [[Japan]] that was founded in 1922. | The '''Japanese Communist Party'''<ref group=lower-alpha>''Japanese: 日本共産党''</ref> ('''JCP''') is a communist party in [[Japan]] that was founded in 1922. | ||
In October 13th 2022, the JCP opposed [[Russia]] in the [[2022 Russo-Ukranian conflict|Ukraine proxy war]].<ref>{{Web citation|url=https://www.jcp.or.jp/english/jcpcc/blog/2022/10/UNGA-resolution-Ukraine.html|title=Responding to the UNGA resolution, Russia should stop its unlawful aggression and annexation, and immediately withdraw all of its military force. The JCP calls for maximum diplomatic efforts for a peaceful political resolution|author=Japanese Communist Party Executive Committee Chair Shii Kazuo|date=2022-10-13}}</ref> | In October 13th 2022, the JCP opposed [[Russia]] in the [[2022 Russo-Ukranian conflict|Ukraine proxy war]].<ref>{{Web citation|url=https://www.jcp.or.jp/english/jcpcc/blog/2022/10/UNGA-resolution-Ukraine.html|title=Responding to the UNGA resolution, Russia should stop its unlawful aggression and annexation, and immediately withdraw all of its military force. The JCP calls for maximum diplomatic efforts for a peaceful political resolution|author=Japanese Communist Party Executive Committee Chair Shii Kazuo|date=2022-10-13}}</ref> | ||
== History == | == History == | ||
The Japanese Communist Party was founded in 1922 and was soon outlawed by the imperial government's Peace Preservation Law. In 1932 in [[Moscow]], [[ | |||
=== Founding === | |||
The Japanese Communist Party was founded in 1922 and was soon outlawed by the imperial government's Peace Preservation Law.<ref name=":0" /> [[Fukumoto Kazuo]] advocated for "unity in separation" and ideological purity, which the [[Communist International (1919–1943)|Comintern]] denounced as [[Ultra-leftism|ultra-left]] in 1927. The 1927 Comintern Theses argued that [[Empire of Japan (1868–1947)|Japan]] still needed a [[bourgeois-democratic revolution]] against the emperor and [[Landlord|landlordism]].<ref name=":1">{{Web citation|author=Gavin Walker|newspaper=[[MR Online]]|title=Marxist theory in Japan: A critical overview|date=2024-04-06|url=https://mronline.org/2024/04/06/marxist-theory-in-japan-a-critical-overview/|retrieved=2024-04-07}}</ref> | |||
=== Fascist period === | |||
By the 1930s, two factions had emerged: the smaller ''Rōnō'' faction that defined the 1868 [[Meiji Restoration]] as a full bourgeois-democratic revolution and the larger ''Kōza'' faction that defined it as an incomplete [[bourgeois revolution]].<ref name=":1" /> In 1932 in [[Moscow]], [[Nosaka Sanzō]], the party's representative to the Comintern, wrote the 1932 Thesis,<ref name=":0" /> aligning with the ''Kōza'' position. Party leader [[Noro Eitarō]] completed the ''Lectures on the History of Development of Japanese Capitalism'' in 1932, aligning with the 1932 Thesis, and died in prison in 1934.<ref name=":1" /> | |||
During the [[Second World War]], Nosaka fled to [[China]] and joined the [[Chinese Red Army]] to fight against the Empire of Japan. He founded the [[Japanese People's Emancipation League]], which attracted Japanese deserters and POWs to fight for [[socialism]].<ref name=":0">{{News citation|author=Comrade Saoirse|title=The Japanese Communist Party during World War II|url=https://docs.google.com/document/d/1dw1ZTewxhvCkO-VDBhDeYqpvdP4oittFpyu0y24ScjQ/mobilebasic|retrieved=2022-05-15}}</ref> | |||
=== Postwar period === | |||
[[Tokuda Kyūichi]], who had spent 18 years in prison under the Peace Preservation Law, became leader of the party after the war. In 1946, [[Douglas MacArthur]] began the Red Purges against the party due to its popular support. The party went underground and called for armed [[national liberation]] struggle against the USA. The party incorrectly focused on the countryside and attempted to start a [[People's war|protracted people's war]] led by the [[peasantry]].<ref name=":1" /> | |||
The JCP's Sixth Congress in 1955 rejected armed struggle and considered the return to the villages to be ultra-left [[adventurism]]. Due to its [[Reformism|reformist]] deviations, it failed to lead the 1960 [[Anpo protests]] against the USA-Japan Joint Security Treaty.<ref name=":1" /> | |||
== Positions == | == Positions == | ||
Revision as of 13:30, 7 April 2024
Japanese Communist Party 日本共産党 | |
|---|---|
 Nihon Kyōsantō | |
| Abbreviation | JCP |
| Founded | July 15, 1922 |
| Newspaper | Shimbun Akahata |
| Membership (2022) | 260,000[1] |
| Political orientation | Marxism |
| House of Representatives | 10 seats out of 465 seats |
| House of Councilors | 11 seats out of 242 seats |
| Website | |
| jcp.or.jp | |
| Part of a series on |
| Communist parties |
|---|
The Japanese Communist Party[a] (JCP) is a communist party in Japan that was founded in 1922.
In October 13th 2022, the JCP opposed Russia in the Ukraine proxy war.[2]
History
Founding
The Japanese Communist Party was founded in 1922 and was soon outlawed by the imperial government's Peace Preservation Law.[3] Fukumoto Kazuo advocated for "unity in separation" and ideological purity, which the Comintern denounced as ultra-left in 1927. The 1927 Comintern Theses argued that Japan still needed a bourgeois-democratic revolution against the emperor and landlordism.[4]
Fascist period
By the 1930s, two factions had emerged: the smaller Rōnō faction that defined the 1868 Meiji Restoration as a full bourgeois-democratic revolution and the larger Kōza faction that defined it as an incomplete bourgeois revolution.[4] In 1932 in Moscow, Nosaka Sanzō, the party's representative to the Comintern, wrote the 1932 Thesis,[3] aligning with the Kōza position. Party leader Noro Eitarō completed the Lectures on the History of Development of Japanese Capitalism in 1932, aligning with the 1932 Thesis, and died in prison in 1934.[4]
During the Second World War, Nosaka fled to China and joined the Chinese Red Army to fight against the Empire of Japan. He founded the Japanese People's Emancipation League, which attracted Japanese deserters and POWs to fight for socialism.[3]
Postwar period
Tokuda Kyūichi, who had spent 18 years in prison under the Peace Preservation Law, became leader of the party after the war. In 1946, Douglas MacArthur began the Red Purges against the party due to its popular support. The party went underground and called for armed national liberation struggle against the USA. The party incorrectly focused on the countryside and attempted to start a protracted people's war led by the peasantry.[4]
The JCP's Sixth Congress in 1955 rejected armed struggle and considered the return to the villages to be ultra-left adventurism. Due to its reformist deviations, it failed to lead the 1960 Anpo protests against the USA-Japan Joint Security Treaty.[4]
Positions
References
- ↑ "A Profile of the Japanese Communist Party" (November 1, 2022).
- ↑ Japanese Communist Party Executive Committee Chair Shii Kazuo (2022-10-13). "Responding to the UNGA resolution, Russia should stop its unlawful aggression and annexation, and immediately withdraw all of its military force. The JCP calls for maximum diplomatic efforts for a peaceful political resolution"
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Comrade Saoirse. "The Japanese Communist Party during World War II" Retrieved 2022-05-15.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 Gavin Walker (2024-04-06). "Marxist theory in Japan: A critical overview" MR Online. Retrieved 2024-04-07.
Notes
- ↑ Japanese: 日本共産党